The aim of this study was to assess the effects of different dietary selenium sources, selenium nanoparticle (nSe), and selenomethionine (SeMet) as feed additives on growth performance, hepatic enzymes’ activity, biochemical, mucosal immune parameters, liver histology, and appetite-related gene transcript in goldfish (Carassius auratus). At first, goldfish juveniles (n=480; mean 4.54 g) were fed dietary selenium nanoparticle at 0, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 mg nSe/kg diet and SeMet at 0, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 mg Se/kg for 9 weeks. Growth performance was evaluated using standard procedures. Blood, skin mucus, and tissue samples (liver and intestine) were collected for biochemical, mucosal immune response, histology, and ghrelin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) gene expression. The results showed that fish fed diets fortified with 0.6 mg nSe/kg and 0.6 mg Se/kg had a significant higher weight gain, specific growth rates (SGR), and lower feed conversion ratios (FCR) than fish fed basal diets (p<0.05). Furthermore, dietary nSe and SeMet enhanced blood biochemical profiles especially alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p < 0.05) and mucosal immunity than the control group in goldfish. Moreover, the liver histological investigation showed that fish fed 0.9 mg of SeMet and nSe kg⁻¹ diets had higher liver lesion scores such as karyolysis, lipidosis, and hyperemia while fish fed 0, 0.3, and 0.6 mg of SeMet and nSe kg⁻¹ diets had small liver changes at 9 weeks. The study further established that inclusion of nSe and SeMet in the diet of goldfish greatly promoted ghrelin and IGF-1genes expressions (p <0.05). Overall, dietary nSe performs better than SeMet and basal diets. The results evoked that nSe and SeMet stimulate the growth, biochemical, and mucosal immunity in goldfish at 0.6 mg/kg.

这项研究的目的是评估饲料中不同硒源，硒纳米颗粒（nSe）和硒代蛋氨酸（SeMet）作为饲料添加剂对生长性能，肝酶活性，生化，粘膜免疫参数，肝脏组织学和食欲的影响。金鱼（Carassius auratus）中的相关基因转录本。起初，金鱼幼鱼（n= 480; 分别以0、0.3、0.6和0.9 mg nSe / kg的日粮和4.5、0.2、0.9和0.9 mg Se / kg的SeMet饲喂4.54 g（平均4.54 g）的膳食硒纳米颗粒，持续9周。使用标准程序评估生长性能。收集血液，皮肤粘液和组织样本（肝和肠）用于生化，粘膜免疫应答，组织学以及生长素释放肽和胰岛素样生长因子-I（IGF-1）基因表达。结果表明，与以基础饮食喂养的鱼类相比，以0.6 mg nSe / kg和0.6 mg Se / kg强化的鱼类喂养的饮食具有显着更高的增重，比生长率（SGR）和更低的饲料转化率（FCR）（p < 0.05）。此外，饮食中的nSe和SeMet增强了血液生化特性，尤其是碱性磷酸酶（ALP）（p<0.05），并且粘膜免疫力比对照组在金鱼中更高。此外，肝脏组织学研究表明，饲喂0.9 mg SeMet和nSe kg - ¹日粮的鱼具有较高的肝损害评分，例如溶核，脂质增生和充血，而饲喂0、0.3和0.6 mg SeMet和nSe kg ^-1的鱼饮食在9周时肝脏变化很小。该研究进一步证实，在金鱼的饮食中加入nSe和SeMet可以大大促进生长素释放肽和IGF-1基因的表达（p <0.05）。总体而言，nSe日粮的饮食效果要优于SeMet和基础饮食。结果表明，nSe和SeMet以0.6 mg / kg刺激金鱼的生长，生化和黏膜免疫。