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Automatic capture of attention by flicker
Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-19 , DOI: 10.3758/s13414-020-02237-2
Moritz Stolte 1 , Ulrich Ansorge 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

Visual motion captures attention, but little is known about the automaticity of these effects. Here, we tested if deviant flicker frequencies, as one form of motion, automatically capture attention. Observers searched for a vertical target among tilted distractors. Prior to the target display, a cue array of sinusoidally modulating (flickering) annuli, each surrounding one location of the subsequent target(-plus-distractors) display was presented for variable durations. Annuli either flickered all at 1 Hz (neutral condition, no-singleton cue), or a single annulus flickered at a unique frequency of 5 Hz, 10 Hz, or 15 Hz. The location of this singleton-frequency cue was uncorrelated with target location. Thus, we could measure benefits (target at cued location) and costs (target ≠ cued location) for cues of different frequencies and durations. The results showed that deviant flicker frequencies capture attention, as we observed benefits and costs, falsifying that nonspatial filtering accounted for the cueing effect. In line with automatic capture, cueing was effective in singleton (Experiment 1) and nonsingleton search tasks (Experiment 2), and is thus not dependent on (“top-down”) singleton detection mode. Moreover, analysis of results ruled out trial-by-trial “swapping” of flicker frequencies from preceding target to subsequent distractor locations. Results also revealed increasing cueing effects with higher cue flicker frequency and longer duration. This indicates a significantly longer period of automatic capture by sinusoidal flicker than the typical inhibition of return observed around 250 ms after the onset of uninformative static or single-transient cues.



中文翻译:

通过闪烁自动捕捉注意力

视觉运动会吸引注意力,但人们对这些效果的自动性知之甚少。在这里,我们测试了异常闪烁频率作为一种运动形式是否会自动吸引注意力。观察者在倾斜的干扰物中搜索垂直目标。在目标显示之前,以可变持续时间呈现正弦调制(闪烁)环的提示阵列,每个环围绕后续目标(加干扰器)显示的一个位置。环以 1 Hz 的频率全部闪烁(中性条件,无单例提示),或者单个环以 5 Hz、10 Hz 或 15 Hz 的独特频率闪烁。这种单频提示的位置与目标位置无关。因此,我们可以衡量不同频率和持续时间的线索的收益(目标在线索位置)和成本(目标≠线索位置)。结果表明,异常的闪烁频率引起了注意,因为我们观察到了收益和成本,从而证明了非空间过滤可以解释提示效应。与自动捕获一致,提示在单例(实验 1)和非单例搜索任务(实验 2)中是有效的,因此不依赖于(“自上而下”)单例检测模式。此外,结果分析排除了闪烁频率从前一个目标到后续干扰位置的逐次“交换”。结果还揭示了提示闪烁频率越高、持续时间越长提示效果越强。这表明正弦闪烁自动捕获的时间明显长于在无信息静态或单瞬态线索出现后约 250 毫秒观察到的典型返回抑制。

更新日期:2021-02-21
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