In the existing smart grid, wireless sensor networks are widely deployed to monitor the entire grid’s status to ensure the safe, reliable, and efficient operation of the grid. However, due to the storage mode of the infinite sensor network perception data based on the trusted central node in the smart grid, the smart grid exists information security issues such as the central node’s vulnerability to malicious attacks and deliberate data tampering. In response to these information security issues, this paper proposes a data-sharing model based on blockchain technology and digital digest matching algorithm, which has the characteristics of decentralization, security and credibility, non-tampering, and protection of private data. The model uses the consortium blockchain technology to build a smart grid Data Storage Consortium Blockchain (DSCB). The data capability is taken as a unique token through the method of data capability to control the data access to achieve fine-grained access control with a resource as the unit. The capability update is convenient, and the capability withdrawal is supported to ensure the data security sharing between sensor nodes. Security analysis shows that the model can realize safe, effective, and privacy-protected data storage and sharing.

在现有的智能电网中，广泛部署无线传感器网络来监测整个电网的状态，以保证电网的安全、可靠、高效运行。然而，由于智能电网中基于可信中心节点的无限传感器网络感知数据的存储方式，智能电网存在中心节点易受恶意攻击、数据蓄意篡改等信息安全问题。针对这些信息安全问题，本文提出了一种基于区块链技术和数字摘要匹配算法的数据共享模型，具有去中心化、安全可信、不可篡改、保护隐私数据等特点。该模型使用联盟区块链技术构建智能电网数据存储联盟区块链（DSCB）。以数据能力为唯一令牌，通过数据能力的方法控制数据访问，实现以资源为单位的细粒度访问控制。能力更新方便，支持能力撤回，保证传感器节点间数据安全共享。安全分析表明，该模型可以实现安全、有效、隐私保护的数据存储和共享。