Signing and Belonging in Nepal, by Erika Hoffmann-Dilloway (Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press, 2016, 176 pp., cloth, $60.00, ISBN: 978-1-56368-664-1)ONE OF THE newest offerings by Gallaudet University Press is Signing and Belonging in Nepal, a slim volume by Erika Hoffmann-Dilloway, a hearing linguistic anthropologist. This ethnography is the latest contribution to a growing body of work in the anthropology of deaf groups in the Global South. Currently the chair of the Department of Anthropology at Oberlin College, Hoffmann-Dilloway conducted most of her fieldwork as a graduate student in Nepal between 2001 and 2008. This volume is based primarily on the data Hoffmann-Dilloway collected during this period and, as such, should be understood as a partial glimpse into the lives of deaf people in Nepal during this time. Divided into six chapters and an afterword, this book is presented as an introductory volume for undergraduates.In the introductory chapter, Hoffmann-Dilloway lays out her arguments and the theoretical framework for her analysis. She introduces her approach to ?language? and provides an overview of specific concepts from linguistic anthropology. The chapter also presents the arguments that she takes up throughout the book and contextualizes Nepal, as well as her methodology and positionality. Chapter 2 provides the historical and social context for the underpinnings of Hoffmann-Dilloway?s arguments, such as Nepali conceptualizations of personhood, social categories, and national context. In chapter 3, Hoffmann-Dilloway argues that Nepali associations of deaf people linked a standardized Nepali Sign Language and a Deaf identity with practices and symbols of high-caste Hinduism connoting good karma and purity in order to combat the understanding of deafness as a stigma. Chapter 4 is a continuation of the author's discussion of Nepal's deaf community and some of its understandings of language, such as situating the origins of Nepali Sign Language in the visual-gestural interactions between the first few cohorts of deaf students at the first formal school for deaf students in the country, framing NSL as having emerged "naturally." Chapter 5 is a discussion of how the Nepali deaf associations deploy concepts of "modernity" and "development" to contest historical associations between deaf people and ritual pollution and to highlight the role of the Bakery Cafe, a restaurant chain in Nepal, which employs deaf people in that effort. With data from her trip to the country in 2015, Hoffmann-Dilloway concludes the book with a description of being deaf in a "new Nepal."Hoffmann-Dilloway's research took place within the specific historical and social context of Nepal as experienced by an anthropologist and her interlocutors during a period of increased political mobilization by many of Nepal's ethnolinguistic groups (1997-2006). The author argues that, during this period, deaf people in Nepal reterritorialized the concept of deaf people as a linguistic minority for their political project. In the first chapter, Hoffmann-Dilloway introduces the d/D framework, arguing that deaf people in Nepal adopted a Deaf ethnolinguistic identity, a view that advanced in Nepal as a result of relationships between the Nepali association of Deaf persons and a range of international organizations of deaf people, in order to advance their political goals.The author uses capitalized "Deaf" throughout the book, which I found interesting, especially given recent work in the anthropology of deaf people that contests the wholesale application of an identity-based framework to theorize how deaf people in diverse (and understudied) contexts understand themselves. Hoffmann-Dilloway immediately flags her use of the d/D convention in one of the first few paragraphs of this book, noting that she is following "the common Deaf Studies convention of writing the English word 'deaf' in lowercase to indicate the inability to hear, 'Deaf,' written with a capital D, to indicate identification as a member of a signing community, and using the mixed case, d/Deaf to refer to groups or situations in which both biological and cultural framings of d/Deafness are relevant" (2). …

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Erika Hoffmann-Dilloway 在尼泊尔的签名和归属感

在尼泊尔签名和归属，作者：Erika Hoffmann-Dilloway（华盛顿特区：Gallaudet 大学出版社，2016 年，176 页，布料，60.00 美元，ISBN：978-1-56368-664-1）Gallaudet 大学的最新产品之一Press is Signing and Belonging in尼泊尔，听力语言人类学家 Erika Hoffmann-Dilloway 的一本薄薄的书。这份民族志是对全球南方聋人群体人类学越来越多的工作的最新贡献。Hoffmann-Dilloway 目前是欧柏林学院人类学系的系主任，2001 年至 2008 年期间，她作为研究生在尼泊尔进行了大部分田野调查。本卷主要基于 Hoffmann-Dilloway 在此期间收集的数据，因此，应该被理解为对这段时间尼泊尔聋人生活的部分了解。本书分为六章和后记，作为本科生的导论。在导论中，霍夫曼-迪洛威阐述了她的论点和分析的理论框架。她介绍了她的方法？语言？并提供语言人类学特定概念的概述。本章还介绍了她在整本书中采用的论点，并将尼泊尔语境化，以及她的方法论和立场。第 2 章为 Hoffmann-Dilloway 的论点提供了历史和社会背景，例如尼泊尔人对人格、社会类别和国家背景的概念化。在第 3 章中，Hoffmann-Dilloway 认为，尼泊尔聋人协会将标准化的尼泊尔手语和聋人身份与高种姓印度教的实践和象征联系起来，这些做法和象征意味着良好的业力和纯洁性，以对抗将耳聋视为耻辱的理解。第 4 章是作者对尼泊尔聋人社区及其对语言的一些理解的讨论的延续，例如将尼泊尔手语的起源置于第一所正规学校的前几批聋人学生之间的视觉-手势互动中。该国的聋哑学生，将 NSL 视为“自然而然”出现的。第五章讨论尼泊尔聋人协会如何运用“现代性”和“发展”概念 挑战聋人与仪式污染之间的历史联系，并强调面包店咖啡馆的作用，这是尼泊尔的一家连锁餐厅，在这项工作中雇用聋人。Hoffmann-Dilloway 根据 2015 年该国旅行的数据，在本书的结尾描述了在“新尼泊尔”耳聋的情况。在尼泊尔许多民族语言团体加强政治动员期间（1997-2006 年）和她的对话者。作者认为，在此期间，尼泊尔的聋人将聋人的概念重新定义为他们政治项目的语言少数群体。在第一章中，Hoffmann-Dilloway 介绍了 d/D 框架，认为尼泊尔的聋人采用了聋人民族语言身份，这种观点在尼泊尔因尼泊尔聋人协会与一系列聋人国际组织之间的关系而得到推进，以推进他们的政治目标。 作者在整本书中使用大写的“Deaf”，我觉得这很有趣，特别是考虑到最近在聋人人类学方面的工作，该工作与基于身份的框架的大规模应用相抗衡，以理论化不同（和研究不足）环境中的聋人如何理解自己。Hoffmann-Dilloway 立即在本书的前几段中标记了她对 d/D 约定的使用，并指出她正在遵循“常见的聋人研究约定，即书写英语单词‘deaf’