In order better to understand the impact of political unrest in Ireland on Irish troops fighting in the First World War, it is necessary to acknowledge that the role of the 1916 Rising has been significantly overestimated, while the influence of the 1914 home rule crisis and the repercussions of the anti-conscription movement have been underestimated. The 1914 home rule crisis significantly impacted on the Germans’ view of the Irish and conditioned the treatment of Irish P.O.W.s from December 1914 onwards. In addition, the post-1916 Rising executions and the conscription crisis had a severe impact on Irish front-line units, while also sapping the morale of other British combatants. The 1916 Rising might have been dismissed as a military operation conceived by a handful of republicans, with little support from the wider population, but the conscription crisis brought about widespread defiance towards British rule throughout the whole of nationalist Ireland. In line with British public opinion, British front-line officers and men strongly resented Ireland’s refusal to support the war effort at such a crucial moment. The consequence was the widespread targeting and stigmatisation of their Irish comrades-in-arms. Some British officers and men resorted to a form of psychological pressure, aimed at the public shaming of Irish troops. This article draws on new primary sources available at The National Archives in London, Dublin City Archives and University of Leeds Library to argue that the 1916 Rising was not the only political event in Ireland to have repercussions for Irish battalions fighting in the First World War.

中文翻译：

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爱尔兰政治动荡对 1914-18 年英国军队中的爱尔兰士兵的影响：重新评估

为了更好地理解爱尔兰的政治动荡对第一次世界大战中的爱尔兰军队的影响，有必要承认 1916 年起义的作用被大大高估了，而 1914 年地方自治危机的影响和反征兵运动的影响被低估了。1914 年的地方自治危机极大地影响了德国人对爱尔兰人的看法，并从 1914 年 12 月起决定了对爱尔兰战俘的待遇。此外，1916 年后的起义处决和征兵危机对爱尔兰前线部队造成了严重影响，同时也削弱了其他英国战斗人员的士气。1916 年的起义可能会被认为是少数共和党人构想的军事行动，而没有得到更广泛民众的支持，但征兵危机在整个民族主义爱尔兰引发了对英国统治的广泛反抗。与英国舆论一致，英国前线官兵对爱尔兰在如此关键时刻拒绝支持战争努力表示强烈不满。结果是他们的爱尔兰战友受到广泛的攻击和污名化。一些英国官兵诉诸某种心理压力，旨在公开羞辱爱尔兰军队。本文利用伦敦国家档案馆、都柏林市档案馆和利兹大学图书馆提供的新的主要资源，认为 1916 年起义并不是爱尔兰唯一对第一次世界大战中的爱尔兰营战斗产生影响的政治事件。