The historical juncture of the 1840s to 1860s witnessed three developments: first, the introduction of the new means of communication (steamships and railways); second, new industrial and plantation investments in and outside of India, creating demand for labour; and third, the expansion of a print culture that went beyond the urban elite domain to reflect the world of small towns and villages. In this constellation of social, economic, and technological changes, this article looks at the idea of home, construction of womanhood and the interlaced lifecycles of migrant men and non-migrant women in a period of Indian history marked by “circulation”. Moving away from the predominant focus on migrant men, the article attempts to recreate the social world of non-migrant women left behind in the villages of northern and eastern India. While engaging with the framework of circulation, the article calls for it to be redesigned to allow histories of mobility and immobility, male and female and villages and cities to appear in the same analytical field. Although migration has been reasonably well explored, the issue of marriage is inadequately addressed in South Asian migration studies. “Separated conjugality” is one aspect of this, and the displacement of young girls from their natal home to in-laws’ is another. Through the use of Bhojpuri folksongs, the article brings together migration and marriage as two important social events to understand the different but interlaced lifecycles of gendered (im)mobilities.

中文翻译：

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流通世界中的家理念：博杰普尔民歌中的蒸汽、女性和移民

1840 年代至 1860 年代的历史转折点见证了三个发展：第一，引入了新的交通方式（轮船和铁路）；其次，印度国内外的新工业和种植园投资，创造了对劳动力的需求；第三，超越城市精英领域以反映小城镇和乡村世界的印刷文化的扩展。在这个社会、经济和技术变革的星座中，本文着眼于以“循环”为标志的印度历史时期的家庭观念、女性身份的建设以及移民男性和非移民女性的交错生命周期。本文摆脱了对移民男性的主要关注，试图重建印度北部和东部村庄留下的非移民妇女的社会世界。在涉及流通框架的同时，文章呼吁对其进行重新设计，以允许流动和静止、男性和女性以及乡村和城市的历史出现在同一个分析领域。尽管移民已经得到了相当好的探索，但在南亚移民研究中婚姻问题没有得到充分解决。“分居”是一方面，而年轻女孩从娘家迁到姻亲家是另一方面。通过使用博杰普尔民歌，文章将移民和婚姻作为两个重要的社会事件结合在一起，以了解性别（不动）流动性的不同但交织的生命周期。男性和女性以及乡村和城市出现在同一个分析场域。尽管移民已经得到了相当好的探索，但在南亚移民研究中婚姻问题没有得到充分解决。“分居”是一方面，而年轻女孩从娘家迁到姻亲家是另一方面。通过使用博杰普尔民歌，文章将移民和婚姻作为两个重要的社会事件结合在一起，以了解性别（不动）流动性的不同但交织的生命周期。男性和女性以及乡村和城市出现在同一个分析场域。尽管移民已经得到了相当好的探索，但在南亚移民研究中婚姻问题没有得到充分解决。“分居”是一方面，而年轻女孩从娘家迁到姻亲家是另一方面。通过使用博杰普尔民歌，文章将移民和婚姻作为两个重要的社会事件结合在一起，以了解性别（不动）流动性的不同但交织的生命周期。