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Road Verge Vegetation and the Capture of Particulate Matter Air Pollution
Environments ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 , DOI: 10.3390/environments7100093
Lory Sillars-Powell , Matthew J. Tallis , Mike Fowler

Urban air quality is considered a major issue in cities worldwide, with particulate matter (PM) recognised as one of the most harmful pollutants regarding human health. The use of plants to act as air filters and immobilise PM has been identified as a potential method to improve the air quality in these areas. The majority of the work has focused on trees, with the application of shrub and herbaceous species largely overlooked. Two contrasting leaf morphologies from a shrub and herbaceous plant species were sampled at four locations across Southampton (UK), from varying traffic conditions. Samples were analysed for the mass of PM captured, particle size, and elemental composition. These analyses were used to characterise the different sites and the plants’ effectiveness at immobilisation of PM. Captured PM mass was shown to be directly related to traffic density, with greater traffic density leading to higher levels of captured PM. PM origins were attributed to emissions from vehicles and the resuspension of particles by vehicle movement. The bulk of the PM mass was shown to originate from natural, crustal sources including large proportions of Al, Si, and/or Ca. Increases in elements from anthropogenic enhancement (such as Fe and Zn) were related to high traffic density. Particle size analysis identified that, despite the use of standard leaf-washing protocols with a final 2.5 µm filter, PM was dominated by fine particles (<2.5 µm physical diameter), with particles >10 µm rare. Bramble leaves were calculated to have a species-specific deposition velocity 0.51 cm s−1 greater than ivy, with deposition velocities calculated at 1.8 and 1.3 cm s−1 for ivy and 2.3 and 1.8 cm s−1 for bramble at Redbridge Road and Brinton’s Road, respectively. These values can allow for the more accurate modelling and estimation of the PM removal abilities of these plants.

中文翻译:

道路边缘植被和颗粒物空气污染的捕获

城市空气质量被认为是全球城市中的一个主要问题,颗粒物质(PM)被公认为对人类健康最有害的污染物之一。使用植物作为空气过滤器和固定PM的方法已被认为是改善这些地区空气质量的潜在方法。大部分工作都集中在树木上,而灌木和草本物种的应用被大大忽略了。在不同的交通状况下,在整个南安普敦(英国)的四个位置对来自灌木和草本植物物种的两种相反的叶片形态进行了采样。分析样品中捕获的PM的质量,粒径和元素组成。这些分析用于表征不同的位点以及植物固定PM的有效性。捕获的PM质量显示与交通密度直接相关,更高的交通密度导致更高水平的PM捕获。PM的起源归因于车辆的排放以及车辆运动造成的颗粒物再悬浮。已显示大部分PM物质来自天然地壳来源,包括大量Al,Si和/或Ca。人为因素引起的元素增加(例如铁和锌)与高交通密度有关。粒度分析表明,尽管使用标准的洗叶程序和最终的2.5 µm过滤器,但PM还是由细颗粒(物理直径<2.5 µm)占主导,而很少有> 10 µm的颗粒。计算出荆棘叶具有特定物种的沉积速度0.51 cm s 更高的流量密度导致更高水平的捕获PM。PM的起源归因于车辆的排放以及车辆运动造成的颗粒物再悬浮。已显示大部分PM物质来自天然地壳来源,包括大量Al,Si和/或Ca。人为因素引起的元素增加(例如铁和锌)与高交通密度有关。粒度分析表明,尽管使用标准的洗叶程序和最终的2.5 µm过滤器,但PM还是由细颗粒(物理直径<2.5 µm)占主导,而很少有> 10 µm的颗粒。计算出荆棘叶具有特定物种的沉积速度0.51 cm s 更高的流量密度导致更高水平的捕获PM。PM的起源归因于车辆的排放以及车辆运动造成的颗粒物再悬浮。已显示大部分PM物质来自天然地壳来源,包括大量Al,Si和/或Ca。人为因素引起的元素增加(例如铁和锌)与高交通密度有关。粒度分析表明,尽管使用标准的洗叶程序和最终的2.5 µm过滤器,但PM还是由细颗粒(物理直径<2.5 µm)占主导,而很少有> 10 µm的颗粒。计算出荆棘叶具有特定物种的沉积速度0.51 cm s 已显示大部分PM物质来自天然地壳来源,包括大量Al,Si和/或Ca。人为因素引起的元素增加(例如铁和锌)与高交通密度有关。粒度分析表明,尽管使用标准的洗叶程序和最终的2.5 µm过滤器,但PM还是由细颗粒(物理直径<2.5 µm)占主导,而很少有> 10 µm的颗粒。计算出荆棘叶具有特定物种的沉积速度0.51 cm s 已显示大部分PM物质来自天然地壳来源,包括大量Al,Si和/或Ca。人为因素引起的元素增加(例如铁和锌)与高交通密度有关。粒度分析表明,尽管使用标准的洗叶程序和最终的2.5 µm过滤器,但PM还是由细颗粒(物理直径<2.5 µm)占主导,而很少有> 10 µm的颗粒。计算出荆棘叶具有特定物种的沉积速度0.51 cm s 尽管使用了带有最终2.5 µm过滤器的标准叶片清洗方案,但PM还是被细颗粒(物理直径<2.5 µm)所占主导,而粒径小于10 µm的颗粒很少。计算出荆棘叶具有特定物种的沉积速度0.51 cm s 尽管使用了带有最终2.5 µm过滤器的标准叶片清洗方案,但PM还是被细颗粒(物理直径<2.5 µm)所占主导,而粒径小于10 µm的颗粒很少。计算出荆棘叶具有特定物种的沉积速度0.51 cm s-1大于常春藤,具有在1.8和1.3厘米S理论值沉积速度-1为常春藤和2.3和1.8厘米小号-1为荆棘分别雷德布里奇路和布林顿大道。这些值可允许对这些工厂的PM去除能力进行更准确的建模和估计。
更新日期:2020-10-20
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