Historians of late medieval and renaissance Italy have long seen the fourteenth century as a dramatic period of upheaval and transformation. Yet despite the fact that Rome has long fascinated scholars, the city's fourteenth-century history is often given short shrift. Only the dazzling figure of Cola di Rienzo consistently draws scholarly attention, resulting in his somewhat exaggerated role in Roman political history. With important exceptions, Anglophone scholars primarily interested in the Italian Renaissance have traditionally begun their histories in the mid-fifteenth century with the result that fourteenth-century Rome is largely passed over. The Avignon Papacy, 1309–1377, is seen as a period of abandonment and ruin. The situation is different among scholars, mostly Continental, whose study of fourteenth-century Rome's social and economic history has been appearing over the last few decades. This historiography, which has largely operated discretely from the Anglophone tradition, has conclusively demonstrated that late medieval Rome must be considered alongside Italy's city communes. This has transformative implications for Roman historiography. Recent work on Rome's earlier medieval history, as well as on the history and character of the Italian communes, suggests that now more than ever there is much to be gained by bringing these discrete strands of scholarship on late medieval Rome to bear on one another.

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罗马中世纪和文艺复兴：修补鸿沟

中世纪晚期和文艺复兴时期的意大利历史学家长期以来一直将十四世纪视为动荡和变革的戏剧性时期。尽管罗马人长期以来一直着迷于学者，但这座城市的十四世纪历史却常常被人short之以鼻。只有耀眼的人物可乐·迪·里恩佐（Cola di Rienzo）始终引起学术界的关注，从而导致他在罗马政治历史中的作用有些夸张。除了重要的例外，主要对意大利文艺复兴时期感兴趣的英语学者传统上在15世纪中叶开始了他们的历史，其结果是十四世纪的罗马大为流传。1309年至1377年的阿维尼翁教皇时代被视为遗弃和毁灭的时期。学者之间的情况有所不同，大多数学者是大陆人，他们对14世纪罗马的研究 在过去的几十年中已经出现了社会和经济史。这段历史学很大程度上独立于英语的传统而运作，已明确表明，中世纪晚期的罗马必须与意大利的城市公社一起考虑。这对罗马史学具有革命性的意义。关于罗马早期中世纪历史以及意大利公社的历史和特征的最新著作表明，如今，将这些离散的学术研究成果并入中世纪晚期罗马，可以比以往任何时候都受益匪浅。的城市公社。这对罗马史学具有革命性的意义。关于罗马早期中世纪历史以及意大利公社的历史和特征的最新著作表明，如今，将这些离散的学术研究成果并入中世纪晚期罗马，可以比以往任何时候都受益匪浅。的城市公社。这对罗马史学具有革命性的意义。关于罗马早期中世纪历史以及意大利公社的历史和特征的最新著作表明，如今，将这些离散的学术研究成果并入中世纪晚期罗马，可以比以往任何时候都受益匪浅。