Abstract It is widely acknowledged that the implementation of international human rights judgments is conditioned by domestic factors; yet the means by which judgments exert—or fail to exert—influence on domestic actors and processes is less well understood. This article presents qualitative research undertaken in three European states between 2016 and 2018 to trace the path between selected judgments involving structural or systemic violations and subsequent action by both state and non-state actors. The rich account of the implementation process thereby constructed reveals, in some cases, a direct—and even immediate—causal path between a decision and actions leading to compliance and, in others, a more indirect or uncertain relationship. The article reveals the dynamic and iterative nature of the implementation process, which may at times stall and at other times accelerate and which may be punctuated by extraneous developments that cause the political space for implementation to widen or narrow. It proceeds to examine the strategies employed by actors who either advance or obstruct implementation, and concludes by advocating the formation of the broadest possible compliance ‘partnerships’ in each case, supported by well-functioning domestic structures to coordinate the state’s response.

中文翻译：

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国内人权实施的动态：欧洲定性研究的教训

摘要 人们普遍认为，国际人权判决的执行受国内因素制约；然而，判断对国内行为者和过程施加或不施加影响的方式却鲜为人知。本文介绍了 2016 年至 2018 年在三个欧洲国家进行的定性研究，以追踪涉及结构性或系统性违规的选定判断与国家和非国家行为者的后续行动之间的路径。由此构建的对实施过程的丰富描述，在某些情况下，揭示了导致合规的决定和行动之间的直接——甚至直接——因果路径，而在其他情况下，则是更间接或不确定的关系。文章揭示了实现过程的动态性和迭代性，这有时可能会停滞，有时会加速，并且可能会被无关紧要的事态发展打断，导致实施的政治空间扩大或缩小。它继续审查推动或阻碍实施的行为者所采用的策略，并通过倡导在每种情况下形成尽可能广泛的合规“伙伴关系”作为结论，并得到运作良好的国内结构的支持，以协调国家的反应。