Justinus Kerner's Reflections on Science. Justinus Kerner (1786–1862) was a physician as well as a poet. In his research, as well as his profession, he tried to reconcile empirical observation with dreams, mesmerism, and the unconscious. Like the romantic naturalists of his time, Kerner rejected the exclusive preoccupation with rational science as a restriction to epistemology, which he wanted to complement by considering the “nocturnal sides of nature” (“Nachtseiten der Natur”) as well. This article wants to show how Kerner reflected on science, medicine, and nature, and how it became possible for a physician who became famous for the discovery of food poisoning by botulism to be ridiculed at the same time, or at least to be frowned upon, for writing about seeing ghosts and having visions. How could he combine empiric case studies and exact, detailed observation with his belief in the supernatural? And how could he, not only harmonize these apparently contradictory concepts in his writings, but also turn them into paradigms that are based on one another? To answer these questions, this article will refer to Kerner's works on “sausage poisonings” (1817–1842) in the early nineteenth century, as well as his case study of The Seeress of Prevorst (Die Seherin von Prevorst, 1829), in which he described the case of a female patient who was supposed to be a clairvoyant, and finally his literary writings, like The Homeless (“Die Heimatlosen”, 1816) and his autobiographic work Sketches from My Boyhood (Das Bilderbuch aus meiner Knabenzeit, 1849). His personal observations and experiences were the reason that Kerner did not simply deny positivist medicine, but expanded his concept of healing by adding dreams, mesmerism, and visions. For, in the end, the unconscious, as well as the “sausage poison”, evades determination by scientific empiricism alone.

中文翻译：

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贾斯汀努斯·克纳的科学反思

Justinus Kerner 对科学的思考。Justinus Kerner (1786–1862) 是一位医生和一位诗人。在他的研究以及他的职业中，他试图将经验观察与梦境、催眠术和无意识相协调。像他那个时代的浪漫博物学家一样，克纳拒绝将理性科学的排他性作为对认识论的限制，他想通过考虑“自然的夜间方面”（“Nachtseiten der Natur”）来补充这一点。这篇文章想展示 Kerner 如何反思科学、医学和自然，以及一位因发现肉毒杆菌中毒而闻名的医生如何同时被嘲笑，或者至少被皱眉，写关于见鬼和有异象的文章。他怎么能结合经验案例研究和精确的，用他对超自然的信仰进行详细观察？而他又如何才能不仅在他的作品中协调这些明显矛盾的概念，而且将它们转化为基于彼此的范式？为了回答这些问题，本文将参考 Kerner 在 19 世纪早期关于“香肠中毒”（1817-1842）的著作，以及他对 The Seeress of Prevorst（Die Seherin von Prevorst，1829）的案例研究，其中他描述了一个应该是千里眼的女性患者的案例，最后描述了他的文学作品，如无家可归者（“Die Heimatlosen”，1816 年）和他的自传作品《我童年的草图》（Das Bilderbuch aus meiner Knabenzeit，1849 年） . 他的个人观察和经历是克纳并没有简单地否认实证医学的原因，但通过添加梦想、催眠术和幻象来扩展他的治疗概念。因为，最终，无意识以及“香肠毒药”都逃避了科学经验主义的决定。