Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the introduction of school medical inspection (SMI) in Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo (Brazil) during the 1910s, in a process aligned with the international debate that, since the late nineteenth century, sustained the need of services that focused on the sanitary inspection of schools and their students. It analyzes the purposes guiding the creation of these services and their connections to the spheres of public health and education, highlighting the role taken by the concerns about issues such as the control of infectious diseases, particularly tuberculosis. Design/methodology/approach The study consists of a historical analysis using as sources the legislation and documents produced by the SMI. The documents are examined in correlation with the positions defended at international conferences held at the period. Findings The study evidences the intricacies of the introduction of SMI services in the Brazilian states that were pioneers in this area. It examines their relations to guidelines established in international forums, which certainly played an important role in the Brazilian efforts. It also allowed to highlight the relations between efforts to create medical inspections in school and those aiming at fighting infectious diseases. Originality/value The paper contributes to a better comprehension of the efforts regarding social hygiene and particularly the hygiene of schools and their students in a period in which the state takes greater responsibilities for its population.

中文翻译：

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感染的危险：巴西的学校医疗检查（1910年代）

目的本文的目的是调查1910年代在里约热内卢和圣保罗（巴西）引入学校医疗检查（SMI）的过程，这一过程与国际辩论一致，自19世纪末以来，需要以学校及其学生的卫生检查为重点的服务。它分析了指导这些服务的创建以及它们与公共卫生和教育领域的联系的目的，强调了对诸如传染病，尤其是结核病控制等问题的关注所起的作用。设计/方法/方法这项研究包括对历史的分析，并使用SMI制定的法律和文件作为资料来源。对该文件进行了审查，并与该时期在国际会议上捍卫的立场进行了关联。调查结果证明了在该领域处于领先地位的巴西各州引入SMI服务的复杂性。它审查了它们与在国际论坛上建立的准则的关系，这些论坛当然在巴西的努力中发挥了重要作用。它也可以突出显示在学校开展医学检查的努力与针对传染病的努力之间的关系。原创性/价值本文有助于更好地理解社会卫生方面的工作，尤其是在国家对其人口承担更大责任的时期，尤其是学校及其学生的卫生方面。调查结果证明了在该领域处于领先地位的巴西各州引入SMI服务的复杂性。它审查了它们与在国际论坛上建立的准则的关系，这些论坛当然在巴西的努力中发挥了重要作用。它也可以突出显示在学校开展医学检查的努力与针对传染病的努力之间的关系。原创性/价值本文有助于在国家对人民承担更大责任的时期更好地理解有关社会卫生特别是学校及其学生卫生的工作。调查结果证明了在该领域处于领先地位的巴西各州引入SMI服务的复杂性。它检查了它们与国际论坛中建立的准则的关系，这些论坛当然在巴西的努力中发挥了重要作用。它也可以突出显示在学校开展医学检查的努力与针对传染病的努力之间的关系。原创性/价值本文有助于在国家对人民承担更大责任的时期更好地理解有关社会卫生特别是学校及其学生卫生的工作。当然在巴西的努力中发挥了重要作用。它也可以突出显示在学校开展医学检查的努力与针对传染病的努力之间的关系。原创性/价值本文有助于更好地理解社会卫生方面的工作，尤其是在国家对其人口承担更大责任的时期，尤其是学校及其学生的卫生方面。当然在巴西的努力中发挥了重要作用。它也可以突出显示在学校开展医学检查的努力与针对传染病的努力之间的关系。原创性/价值本文有助于在国家对人民承担更大责任的时期更好地理解有关社会卫生特别是学校及其学生卫生的工作。