Abstract The literature on environmental peacemaking claims that groups in conflict can put aside their differences and cooperate in the face of shared environmental challenges, thereby facilitating more peaceful relations between them. This study provides the first comprehensive review of the widely dispersed empirical evidence on such environment-peace links. In order to do so, it distinguishes three understandings of peace and identifies four mechanisms connecting environmental cooperation to peace. The results suggest that environmental cooperation can facilitate the absence of violence within states as well as symbolic rapprochement within and between states, although such links are strongly dependent on the presence of several contextual factors. The most relevant mechanisms connecting environmental cooperation to peace are an increase in understanding and trust and especially the build-up of institutions. By contrast, environmental peacemaking is unlikely to have an impact on substantial integration between states or groups. Based on these findings, the article offers four suggestions for future research: (i) assess the relevance of environmental cooperation vis-a-vis other (presumably less context-dependent) drivers of peacemaking, (ii) pay more attention to the mechanisms connecting environmental cooperation to peacemaking, (iii) focus on the interactions between and the different time horizons of the three understandings of peace, and (iv) study the downside of environmental peacemaking to provide a more nuanced assessment and identify further relevant contextual factors.

中文翻译：

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环境合作对建立和平的影响：定义、机制和经验证据

摘要 关于环境和平的文献声称，冲突中的群体可以搁置分歧，在面临共同的环境挑战时进行合作，从而促进他们之间更加和平的关系。本研究首次全面审查了关于此类环境与和平联系的广泛分散的经验证据。为此，它区分了对和平的三种理解，并确定了将环境合作与和平联系起来的四种机制。结果表明，环境合作有助于消除国家内部的暴力以及国家内部和国家之间的象征性和解，尽管这种联系在很大程度上取决于几个背景因素的存在。将环境合作与和平联系起来的最相关机制是增进理解和信任，尤其是建立机构。相比之下，环境调解不太可能对国家或团体之间的实质性整合产生影响。基于这些发现，本文为未来的研究提供了四项建议：(i) 评估环境合作与其他（可能不太依赖于背景的）促成和平的驱动因素的相关性，(ii) 更加关注连接环境的机制环境合作促成和平，(iii) 关注三种和平理解之间的相互作用和不同时间范围，以及 (iv) 研究环境和平的负面影响，以提供更细致入微的评估并确定进一步的相关背景因素。