Summary The contrary of stochastic independence splits up into two cases: pairs of events being favourable or being unfavourable. Examples show that both notions have quite unexpected properties, some of them being opposite to intuition. For example, transitivity does not hold. Stochastic dependence is also useful to explain cases of Simpson's paradox.

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关于随机依赖

总结 随机独立性的反面分为两种情况：成对的事件是有利的或不利的。例子表明，这两个概念都具有相当出乎意料的特性，其中一些与直觉相反。例如，传递性不成立。随机依赖对于解释辛普森悖论的情况也很有用。