Jurgen Habermas argues that principles of justice should be decided through rational agreement as opposed to force or coercion. Christopher Martin argues in this essay that the success of such a project presupposes sufficiently developed capacities for discursive agency equally distributed within a diverse public sphere. This epistemic presupposition is not explicitly recognized in Habermas's current formulation of his theory and as such the theory implicitly excludes the interest that future citizens have in the development of their own capacities for competent deliberative engagement. Martin argues that this omission is serious enough that Habermas's principle of universalization (U) should be modified, and he articulates this modification in terms of a prohibition against “developmental coercion.” Martin concludes by elaborating on the concept of developmental coercion, and he points to the implications of this addition to discourse ethics for the institutionalization of deliberative democracy.

中文翻译：

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教育，司法和话语代理：迈向教育回应性话语伦理

于尔根·哈贝马斯（Jurgen Habermas）认为，正义原则应通过理性协议而非武力或胁迫来决定。克里斯托弗·马丁（Christopher Martin）在本文中指出，这样一个项目的成功，必须以充分发展的能力为话语代理机构在各种公共领域中平均分配。哈贝马斯目前对他的理论的表述并未明确认识到这种认识上的预设，因此，该理论隐含地排除了未来公民发展自己的能力以进行有效的协商参与的兴趣。马丁认为，这种疏忽严重到足以对哈贝马斯的普遍化原则进行修改的时候，他以禁止“发展性强制”为由阐明了这一修改。