There has been ongoing debate regarding the efficacy of teaching instructional design models to novice designers given that experienced instructional designers often use principles and adapted models when they engage in the instructional design problem-solving process. This study utilized the Delphi technique to identify a core set of guiding principles used by designers in their practice. The purpose of this study was (1) to examine and describe the principles that guided instructional designers’ practice and (2) to identify the extent to which participants’ frames of reference included components of the ADDIE instructional design model. Sixty-one principles were ultimately identified (reached consensus among the Delphi panel members). Thirty-two of the principles aligned with the primary components of the design process (e.g., analysis, design, development, and evaluation). Additional principles (n = 29) related to other characteristics of design such as communication, project management, and design characteristics.

中文翻译：

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检查经验丰富的设计师在实践中应用的教学设计原则

鉴于经验丰富的教学设计师在参与教学设计问题解决过程时经常使用原则和适应模型，因此关于向新手设计师教授教学设计模型的有效性一直存在争论。本研究利用 Delphi 技术来确定设计师在实践中使用的一组核心指导原则。本研究的目的是 (1) 检验和描述指导教学设计者实践的原则，以及 (2) 确定参与者的参考框架在多大程度上包含 ADDIE 教学设计模型的组成部分。最终确定了 61 条原则（德尔福小组成员达成共识）。32 条原则与设计过程的主要组成部分（例如，分析、设计、开发和评估）。与其他设计特征相关的其他原则 (n = 29)，例如沟通、项目管理和设计特征。