Modern vehicles equipped with on-board units (OBU) are playing an essential role in the smart city revolution. The vehicular processing resources, however, are not used to their fullest potential. The concept of vehicular clouds is proposed to exploit the underutilized vehicular resources to supplement cloud computing services to relieve the burden on cloud data centers and improve quality of service. In this paper we introduce a vehicular cloud architecture supported by fixed edge computing nodes and the central cloud. A mixed integer linear programming (MLP) model is developed to optimize the allocation of the computing demands in the distributed architecture while minimizing power consumption. The results show power savings as high as 84% over processing in the conventional cloud. A heuristic with performance approaching that of the MILP model is developed to allocate computing demands in real time.

中文翻译：

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车载云架构中的功耗最小化

配备车载单元（OBU）的现代车辆在智慧城市革命中起着至关重要的作用。但是，车辆处理资源没有得到最大程度的利用。提出了车辆云的概念，以利用未充分利用的车辆资源来补充云计算服务，以减轻云数据中心的负担并提高服务质量。在本文中，我们介绍了由固定边缘计算节点和中央云支持的车辆云架构。开发了混合整数线性规划（MLP）模型以优化分布式架构中计算需求的分配，同时将功耗降至最低。结果表明，与传统云计算相比，其节电能力高达84％。