Evolution and population genetic structure of marine species across the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman are shaped by two complex factors: the geological history and the present pattern of marine currents. Characterizing and comparing the genetic structures of co-existing species, such as host–parasite associations, allow the discrimination of the relative importance of environmental factors and life history traits that influenced gene flow and demographic events. In this study, we compare two associated Clausidium copepod species (C. persiaensis Sepahvand & Kihara 2017 and C. iranensis Sepahvand, Kihara & Boxshall 2019) along the south coast of Iran in two geological settings. We analysed partial nucleotide sequences of the mtCOI gene using divergence estimates (FST) and haplotype networks to infer intraspecific population connectivity in the two Gulfs. The results obtained demonstrate the existence of two genetically and geographically distinct clades, corresponding to the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman populations. Our results also indicate high diversity, population expansion and high connectivity among populations of C. persiaensis and C. iranensis in the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman.

中文翻译：

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波斯湾和阿曼湾的种群分化：来自幽灵虾的相关桡足类、伊朗克劳西德和波斯克劳西德的见解

波斯湾和阿曼湾海洋物种的进化和种群遗传结构受两个复杂因素的影响：地质历史和当前的洋流模式。表征和比较共存物种的遗传结构，例如宿主 - 寄生虫关联，可以区分影响基因流动和人口事件的环境因素和生活史特征的相对重要性。在这项研究中，我们比较了两个相关的克劳氏菌属桡足类（C. persiaensisSepahvand & Kihara 2017 和C. iranensisSepahvand、Kihara 和 Boxshall 2019）沿伊朗南海岸在两个地质环境中进行。我们分析了部分核苷酸序列mtCOI基因使用分歧估计（FST）和单倍型网络来推断两个海湾的种内种群连通性。获得的结果表明存在两个遗传和地理上不同的进化枝，对应于波斯湾和阿曼湾种群。我们的研究结果还表明，高多样性、人口扩张和人口之间的高度连通性C. persiaensis和C. iranensis在波斯湾和阿曼湾。