Abstract

In the current study, we theorized that businesses in place are subject to two processes: a crime generator effect in which they heighten crime due to increased opportunities and a crime inhibition effect in which certain types of businesses can increase guardianship capability. We explicitly compare the different effects of local vs. non-local and small vs. large businesses on crime in street segments using the data in cities across the Los Angeles metropolitan region by estimating a set of negative binomial regression models for small local, large local, small non-local, and large non-local consumer facing businesses (Retail, Restaurants, Food/Drug Stores, and Services) for violent and property crime. Although we found that most of the business coefficients were positive, local businesses, and particularly small local businesses, have considerably smaller crime-enhancing effects for both violent and property crime.

摘要

在当前的研究中，我们推测现有企业受两个过程的影响：犯罪产生效应，即由于机会增加而增加犯罪率；犯罪抑制效应，某些类型的企业可以提高监护能力。我们使用洛杉矶大都市区的数据，通过估计一组针对小型本地、大型本地的负二项式回归模型，明确比较本地与非本地以及小型与大型企业对街道段犯罪的不同影响，针对暴力和财产犯罪的小型非本地和大型非本地消费者企业（零售、餐馆、食品/药店和服务）。虽然我们发现大部分商业系数都是正数，但本地企业，尤其是小型本地企业，