In the recent past, the numbers of religiously- and politically-motivated terrorist attacks have increased, inevitably raising the question of effective measures to prevent further terrorist attacks. Empirical studies related to school shootings have shown that school shooters reliably (directly and indirectly) disclosed their intentions or plans prior to the attack, a phenomenon termed leaking or leakage. Leaking has been used for preventive purposes in this area of research. Recent research has indicated that leaking was also present prior to politically and religiously motivated terrorist attacks. In order to determine the current state of knowledge about leaking related to these offenses, we conducted a review of the international literature on religiously and politically motivated terrorist attacks. Up to 90% of the offenders showed some type of leaking prior to the attacks. A range of different forms of leaking could be observed. Leaking often occurred in the form of verbal communication with family and friends and/or via communication over the Internet. Terrorist offenders apparently tend to show leaking more often than other groups of mass murderers. Findings regarding similarities and dissimilarities in leaking between religiously motivated, jihadist and politically-motivated, far-right terrorist attacks were contradictory. We discuss the implications of these findings for practice and research as well as the strengths and possible weaknesses of the leaking concept.

在最近的过去，出于宗教和政治动机的恐怖袭击事件增加了，不可避免地提出了防止进一步恐怖袭击的有效措施的问题。与学校枪击事件有关的经验研究表明，学校枪手在袭击发生之前可靠地（直接和间接）披露了他们的意图或计划，这种现象被称为泄漏或泄漏。在该研究领域中，泄漏已用于预防目的。最近的研究表明，在出于政治和宗教动机的恐怖袭击之前，也存在泄密事件。为了确定与这些犯罪有关的泄漏的当前知识状态，我们对有关宗教和政治动机的恐怖袭击的国际文献进行了回顾。多达90％的违法者在袭击前表现出某种类型的泄漏。可以观察到一系列不同形式的泄漏。泄漏通常以与家人和朋友的口头交流形式和/或通过互联网上的交流形式发生。显然，恐怖主义罪犯比其他大规模杀人犯更容易泄露信息。关于出于宗教动机，圣战者和出于政治动机的极右翼恐怖分子袭击之间泄漏的异同的发现是矛盾的。我们讨论了这些发现对实践和研究的意义，以及泄漏概念的优点和可能的缺点。泄漏通常以与家人和朋友的口头交流形式和/或通过互联网上的交流形式发生。显然，与其他群体的大规模杀人犯相比，恐怖主义罪犯往往更容易泄露信息。关于出于宗教动机，圣战者和出于政治动机的极右翼恐怖分子袭击之间泄漏的异同的发现是矛盾的。我们讨论了这些发现对实践和研究的意义，以及泄漏概念的优点和可能的缺点。泄漏通常以与家人和朋友的口头交流形式和/或通过互联网上的交流形式发生。显然，恐怖主义罪犯比其他大规模杀人犯更容易泄露信息。关于出于宗教动机，圣战者和出于政治动机的极右翼恐怖分子袭击之间泄漏的异同的发现是矛盾的。我们讨论了这些发现对实践和研究的意义，以及泄漏概念的优点和可能的缺点。极右翼恐怖袭击是矛盾的。我们讨论了这些发现对实践和研究的意义，以及泄漏概念的优点和可能的缺点。极右翼恐怖袭击是矛盾的。我们讨论了这些发现对实践和研究的意义，以及泄漏概念的优点和可能的缺点。