Saturated fatty acids, whose circulating levels are markedly increased in the body, significantly affect the growth and functions of skeletal muscle. These fatty acids may exert a detrimental effect on the undifferentiated skeletal myoblasts that may adversely affect their differentiation. In the present study, the exposure of myoblasts to excess palmitic acid caused an elevation of tumor necrosis factor‐α expression and an increase in reactive oxygen species levels consistent with the enhanced inflammation and oxidative stress. Various concentrations of palmitic acid significantly decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, induced the programmed cell death by an increase in the caspase‐3 expression, and DNA fragmentation in the myoblasts. These findings suggest that the increased concentrations of saturated fatty acid in the myoblasts increase lipotoxicity by increasing inflammation and oxidative stress, decreasing the mitochondrial function, and inducing apoptosis.

中文翻译：

---

与棕榈酸诱导的成肌细胞脂毒性中的TNF-α和caspase-3表达增加相关的氧化应激和线粒体损伤增加

人体中循环水平显着增加的饱和脂肪酸会显着影响骨骼肌的生长和功能。这些脂肪酸可能会对未分化的骨骼成肌细胞产生不利影响，可能会对它们的分化产生不利影响。在本研究中，成肌细胞暴露于过量的棕榈酸会导致肿瘤坏死因子-α表达的升高，以及与增加的炎症和氧化应激一致的活性氧水平的升高。各种浓度的棕榈酸会显着降低线粒体膜电位，通过增加caspase-3表达和成肌细胞DNA片段化来诱导程序性细胞死亡。