Research has demonstrated gender differences in the decision-making process, showing that women make more disadvantageous risk decisions than men. However, these differences have not been examined in terms of psychosocial or socio-structural variables, such as the gender stereotype threat. We conducted an experimental study (N_s = 105) to test the well-established stereotype threat effect on decision-making through the Iowa Gambling Task and the possible moderation of this effect by sensitivity to punishment and fear of negative evaluation. The results revealed that women under a stereotype threat condition make more disadvantageous risk decisions than men in the same conditions or women in the nonstereotype threat condition. Moreover, women greatly fearing negative evaluation seemed to make more disadvantageous risk decisions compared with other groups. These findings highlight the relevance of psychosocial variables that legitimize gender inequality, such as the stereotype threat and fear of negative evaluation, in women's decision-making process.

中文翻译：

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决策中的性别差异：通过对惩罚的敏感性和对负面评价的恐惧来调节性别刻板印象威胁的影响

研究表明决策过程中存在性别差异，表明女性比男性做出更不利的风险决策。然而，这些差异并未在社会心理或社会结构变量方面进行研究，例如性别刻板印象威胁。我们进行了一项实验研究（N _s = 105）通过爱荷华州赌博任务测试对决策制定的既定的刻板印象威胁效应，以及通过对惩罚的敏感性和对负面评价的恐惧来减轻这种影响的可能。结果表明，与处于相同条件下的男性或处于非刻板印象威胁条件下的女性相比，处于刻板印象威胁条件下的女性做出更不利的风险决策。此外，与其他群体相比，极度害怕负面评价的女性似乎做出了更不利的风险决策。这些发现强调了使性别不平等合法化的社会心理变量的相关性，例如刻板印象威胁和对负面评价的恐惧，在女性决策过程中。