Diesel and jet fuel contribute to ~22–27% and ~ 8–13% of the total energy used in the US transportation sector, producing ~25% and ~ 9% of the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from this sector, respectively. Biobased alternatives, such as biodiesel and renewable jet fuel (RJF) produced from oilseeds, have lower GHG emissions than their petroleum counterparts, are renewable in nature, and support energy security. Thus, the objective of this review was to analyze the information on different oilseed types and characteristics along with their production, harvest and post‐harvest operations; oilseeds conversion to biodiesel and RJF along with their properties and uses; and their cost and environmental status in the USA. More than 80% of the feedstock currently used for biodiesel production in the USA consists of edible oilseeds, including soybean, corn, and canola. Carinata and pennycress are inedible oilseeds that are promising feedstock for biodiesel and RJF production. The biodiesel and RJF produced from oilseeds have similar density, calorific value and cetane number while having lower acid value and sulfur content compared to their petroleum counterparts. At the current state of technology, the retail prices for biodiesel (B20) are 1.0–1.4 times, and RJF are 3–4 times higher than their petroleum counterparts. However, GHG emissions of oilseed‐based biodiesel and RJF are 37–92% and 32–121% lower than their petroleum counterparts, respectively. The economic competitiveness of oilseed‐based biofuels production and use could be improved by enhancing oilseed traits and optimizing field operations, which would further reduce the emissions from the transportation sector. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

中文翻译：

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油料籽转化为生物柴油和可再生航空燃料：原料生产，物流和转化概述

柴油和喷气燃料分别占美国运输部门总能源使用量的约22–27％和〜8–13％，分别占该部门温室气体（GHG）排放总量的约25％和〜9％。 。由油料种子生产的生物基替代品，例如生物柴油和可再生喷气燃料（RJF），其温室气体排放量低于石油替代品，具有自然可再生性，并支持能源安全。因此，本次审查的目的是分析有关不同油籽类型和特性及其生产，收获和收获后作业的信息；将油料种子转化为生物柴油和RJF及其特性和用途；及其在美国的成本和环境状况。美国目前用于生产生物柴油的原料中，有80％以上是食用油籽，包括大豆，玉米和油菜籽。Carinata和pennycress是不可食用的油料种子，是有前途的生物柴油和RJF生产原料。由油料种子生产的生物柴油和RJF的密度，热值和十六烷值相近，而与石油对应物相比，酸值和硫含量较低。在目前的技术水平下，生物柴油（B20）的零售价格是石油的零售价格的1.0-1.4倍，RJF则是石油同行的3-4倍。但是，以油籽为基础的生物柴油和RJF的温室气体排放量分别比其石油同行低37–92％和32–121％。可以通过提高油籽性状和优化田间作业来提高以油籽为基础的生物燃料生产和使用的经济竞争力，这将进一步减少运输部门的排放。