The degradation and scarcity of floral resources represent one of the greatest threats to pollinators on a global scale. In a 2-year study, we aimed to assess the food resources in five members of Ranuculaceae family (Hepatica nobilis Mill., Anemone nemorosa L., A. ranunculoides L., Ranunculus cassubicus L., R. lanuginosus L.), which are common to the ground layer of the deciduous forest habitat in the temperate climatic zone and grow in oak-lime-hornbeam forest. We assessed the blooming phenology, quantified the amount of nectar and pollen produced in flowers and per unit area, and the proportion and abundance of insect visitors foraging on flowers. The flowers of the analyzed species are multi-staminate and produce pollen but almost no nectar (< 0.05 mg in ca. 20 % of A. nemorosa and A. ranunculoides flowers). The amount of pollen in the flowers differed significantly among the species and years of study. The flowers produced on average 0.64 mg (H. nobilis) – 2.92 mg (R. lanuginosus) of pollen. The pollen yield per unit area was 0.12–1.36 g/m² (R. cassubicus – A. nemorosa, respectively). The protein content in the pollen was 13.2 % (H. nobilis) – 25.3 % (A. nemorosa), on average. A broad spectrum of pollinators from six taxonomic groups foraging on the Ranunculaceae species was identified, with the great majority of honeybees and bumblebees (41.6 % and 29.5 % of the total individuals noted, respectively). The Ranunculaceae species are potentially suitable to fulfill the hunger gap for pollinators between approx. mid-March and the first decade of May and should be considered in development of strategic conservation protocols to preserve or restore foraging habitats supporting healthy pollinator populations.

花卉资源的退化和稀缺是全球授粉媒介面临的最大威胁之一。在一项为期2年的研究中，我们旨在评估虎杖科五种成员（Hepatica nobilis Mill。，Anemone nemorosa L. ，A. ranunculoides L.，Ranunculus cassubicus L.，R. lanuginosus）的食物资源。L.），在温带气候区的落叶林生境的地表中很常见，并生长在橡树灰角木森林中。我们评估了盛开的物候，量化了花朵和每单位面积中产生的花蜜和花粉的量，以及昆虫访客在花朵上觅食的比例和数量。被分析物种的花是多重花粉的，并产生花粉，但几乎没有花蜜（在大约20％的A. nemorosa和A. ranunculoides花中小于0.05 mg ）。花的花粉量在物种和研究年份之间差异显着。花平均产生0.64毫克（诺比利斯）– 2.92毫克（罗纳诺斯花粉）花粉。每单位面积的花粉产量为0.12-1.36 g / m²（R. cassubicus - A. nemorosa，分别）。花粉中的蛋白质含量平均为13.2％（no。H. nobilis）– 25.3％（ne。Amor。）。确定了来自六个分类学类别的传粉媒介，它们以毛un科植物为食，其中绝大多数为蜜蜂和大黄蜂（分别占总个体的41.6％和29.5％）。毛an科物种潜在地适合满足传粉者在大约1到2之间的饥饿间隙。3月中旬和5月的前十年，应在制定战略保护方案时加以考虑，以保护或恢复支持健康传粉媒介种群的觅食生境。