To improve the morphology and charge transport property of zinc oxide (ZnO) interface layer in the field of organic solar cells (OSCs), a novel ZnO sol-gel precursor was developed by redox reaction among zinc powder (Zn), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and ammonia (NH₃·H₂O) in aqueous solvent. This aqueous ZnO sol-gel precursor has advantages in cost and stability. Furthermore, photoelectric conversion performance of OSCs with ZnO layer (aqueous) is better than that of device with ZnO layer (nonaqueous). To further elaborate the relevance between the ZnO interface layer and the device performance, optical and morphology characteristics of precursor solutions, ZnO layers, and active layers were studied. Meanwhile, electrical characteristics of the OSCs were also analyzed. The results show less anion and larger colloidal particle size in aqueous sol-gel solution, which making the ZnO interface layer have fewer defects and larger surface roughness than nonaqueous-phase prepared ZnO layer. Thus, free electron could transfer from the active layer to ZnO layer more easily, and charge recombination is reduced at the interface. Moreover, the electron mobility of OSCs is also enhanced by the aqueous-phase prepared ZnO layer. Therefore, short-circuit current and photoelectric conversion performance of device are promoted.

为了改善有机太阳能电池（OSCs）领域中氧化锌（ZnO）界面层的形貌和电荷传输性能，通过氧化还原反应在锌粉（Zn），过氧化氢（H）中开发了新型的ZnO溶胶-凝胶前体。₂ O ₂）和氨气（NH ₃ ·H ₂O）在水性溶剂中。该水性ZnO溶胶-凝胶前体在成本和稳定性方面具有优势。此外，具有ZnO层（水）的OSC的光电转换性能优于具有ZnO层（非水）的器件的光电转换性能。为了进一步阐明ZnO界面层与器件性能之间的关系，研究了前驱体溶液，ZnO层和有源层的光学和形态特征。同时，还分析了OSC的电气特性。结果表明，与非水相制备的ZnO层相比，溶胶-凝胶水溶液中的阴离子更少，胶体粒径更大，这使得ZnO界面层具有更少的缺陷和更大的表面粗糙度。因此，自由电子可以更容易地从活性层转移到ZnO层，并且减少了界面处的电荷重组。此外，通过水相制备的ZnO层还提高了OSC的电子迁移率。因此，促进了装置的短路电流和光电转换性能。