Endogenous electric fields naturally exist in our body and plays a vital role especially in the development and regeneration of bones. Therefore, piezoelectric bone implants are gaining ample attention due to its inherent electrical signal generation, but generally they lack bioactivity, resorption, and ECM like composition. To address this, we evoke ‘piezoelectricity’ in whitlockite (Ca₁₈Mg₂(HPO₄)₂(PO₄)₁₂) nanoparticles (WH NPs) for the first time in literature. WH NPs are the second most-abundant inorganic bone mineral and reported for intermediate resorption compared to hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate. Systematic electrical studies reveal that WH NPs annealed at 750 °C (PWH-750) exhibit superior ferroelectric and dielectric characteristics and produce electrical signals analogous to native tissues when triggered using FDA approved low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) noninvasively. The energy generation performance of Piezoelectric WH based self powered nanogenerators are analyzed and demonstrated to power the commercial LED upon LIPUS stimulation. The in vitro studies with pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells co-cultured with piezoelectric WH NPs exhibit increased ALP activity, calcium mineralization, and osteogenic gene expression along with significant upregulation of Piezo1, and TRPV4 expressions. This confirms the enhanced osteogenic differentiation compared to the control WH nanoparticles due to the remotely activated self powering capacity of piezoelectric WH NPs and thereby produce bioelectric signals analogous to native tissues. Thus, the study evidences the development of a potential bioactive piezoelectric ceramic with extensive applicability for future clinical translation.

内源性电场自然存在于我们的体内，并且在骨骼的发育和再生中起着至关重要的作用。因此，压电骨植入物由于其固有的电信号产生而引起了足够的关注，但是通常它们缺乏生物活性，吸收和ECM样成分。为了解决这个问题，我们在辉锰矿（Ca ₁₈ Mg ₂（HPO ₄）₂（PO ₄）₁₂）纳米粒子（WH NPs）在文献中首次出现。WH NP是第二种最丰富的无机骨矿物质，据报道与羟基磷灰石和磷酸三钙相比具有中等吸收率。系统的电学研究表明，在750°C退火的WH NP（PWH-750）表现出优异的铁电和介电特性，并在无创使用FDA批准的低强度脉冲超声（LIPUS）触发时产生类似于天然组织的电信号。分析并证明了基于压电WH的自供电纳米发电机的能量产生性能，可在LIPUS刺激下为商用LED供电。用成骨细胞前MC3T3-E1细胞与压电WH NP共培养的体外研究显示出增加的ALP活性，钙矿化，和成骨基因表达以及Piezo1和TRPV4表达的显着上调。这证实了与对照WH纳米颗粒相比，由于压电WH NPs的远程激活的自供电能力，增强了成骨分化，从而产生类似于天然组织的生物电信号。因此，该研究证明了潜在的生物活性压电陶瓷的发展，该压电陶瓷在未来的临床翻译中具有广泛的适用性。