In rail transit systems, improving transportation efficiency has become a research hotspot. In recent years, a new method of train control system based on virtual coupling has attracted the attention of many scholars. And the train operation control method is not only the key to realize the virtual coupling train operation control system but also the key to prevent accidents. To this end, a virtual coupling implementation scheme based on local leader–follower method is proposed in this paper. Then, a dynamic model of virtual coupling is established. Based on the dynamics model, the minimum tracking distance and the expected tracking distance which are used to prevent accidents are calculated. The recursive least square method based on the train operation process data is used to identify the model parameters of the virtual coupling train formation operation process. A controller based on generalized model predictive and mixed artificial potential field are used to perform cooperative control and preventing collision of the virtual coupling train. Finally, a section of Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway is used as the background to verify the validity of the method.

在轨道交通系统中，提高运输效率已成为研究热点。近年来，一种基于虚拟耦合的列车控制系统新方法引起了众多学者的关注。列车运行控制方法不仅是实现虚拟耦合列车运行控制系统的关键，还是预防事故的关键。为此，本文提出了一种基于局部领导者跟随者方法的虚拟耦合实现方案。然后，建立了虚拟耦合的动力学模型。基于动力学模型，计算了用于防止事故的最小跟踪距离和预期跟踪距离。基于列车运行过程数据的递推最小二乘方法用于识别虚拟耦合列车编组运行过程的模型参数。基于广义模型预测和混合人工势场的控制器用于执行协调控制并防止虚拟耦合列车发生碰撞。最后，以京沪高铁断面为背景，验证了该方法的有效性。