Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a technically feasible deep decarbonisation solution. Still it is not widely adopted, arguably due to some basic political economy and policy challenges. One issue is the large infrastructure needs of transporting and storing CO₂. However, a more fundamental challenge in the current UK industrial policy landscape is concern over introducing new costly capital requirements in industries that need to retain competitiveness in a world that has not yet fully signed up to the ‘net-zero’ transition demanded by the more ambitious 1.5 degrees Celsius warming target of the Paris Agreement. We take the example of high-value chemicals industries operating in the UK devolved region of Scotland and use an economy-wide computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to consider the nature and potential extent of export, GDP and employment losses under different illustrative polluter/government/taxpayer pays approaches to meeting the higher cost requirements. We conclude that the value from subsidising capture activity depends on the extent of export demand response to competitiveness losses resulting from firms bearing CO₂ capture costs. However, outcomes reflect trade-offs across different types of sectors and employment, and are also dependent on labour market responses to changing wage and unemployment rates.

碳捕集与封存（CCS）是技术上可行的深度脱碳解决方案。它仍然没有被广泛采用，可以说是由于一些基本的政治经济和政策挑战。一个问题是运输和储存CO ₂的大型基础设施需求。然而，当前英国产业政策前景中的一个更为根本的挑战是，在尚未完全签署由更多企业要求的“净零”过渡的世界中，需要在保持竞争力的行业中引入新的昂贵资本要求《巴黎协定》设定的宏伟的1.5摄氏度目标。我们以在英国下放苏格兰地区经营的高价值化工行业为例，并使用整个经济范围内的可计算一般均衡（CGE）模型来考虑不同说明性污染者/下的出口，GDP和就业损失的性质和潜在范围/政府/纳税人支付满足更高成本要求的方法。₂捕获成本。但是，结果反映了不同类型部门和就业之间的权衡，并且还取决于劳动力市场对工资和失业率变化的反应。