Perimeter traffic flow control based on the macroscopic or network fundamental diagram provides the opportunity of operating an urban traffic network at its capacity. Because perimeter control operates on the basis of restricting inflow via reduced green times at selected entry (gated) links, vehicles on those links may be subject to queuing and delay. The experienced delay or resulting queue lengths depend on the adopted policy for the distribution of the inflows and corresponding green times at the gated links. The chosen policy may have a significant impact on the traffic system under control. For example, managing queue lengths may reduce the interference with upstream traffic whereas the management of delays may improve users’ perception with respect to equity and fairness. In this paper, an approach has been proposed to distribute the gated flow based on the queue lengths or experienced delay at the gated signalized junctions. This is in contrast to standard practice that distributes inflows proportionally to the gated links’ saturation flows. Perimeter control is then evaluated in a microscopic simulator for a realistic traffic network and compared in three configurations against fixed-time: perimeter control without queue or delay management; perimeter control with relative queue balancing; and perimeter control with delay balancing. It has been found that managing the queues at the gated links not only improves the overall network performance but also reduces the possibility of queue propagation to the upstream junctions. This improves traffic flow outside the protected network by managing the queue propagation at the gated links and reducing the possibility of queue spill-back to upstream intersections. In addition, the results indicate that perimeter control with delay balancing has a similar performance as the case without queue or delay management being a suitable approach for flow distribution among the gated links. In the scenarios with perimeter control with either queue or delay balancing the gap between the ordered flow by the controller and the actual flow crossing the stop-line at the gated links reduced remarkably.

基于宏观或网络基本图的周边交通流量控制提供了以其容量运行城市交通网络的机会。由于周边控制是基于通过减少选定入口（门控）链路上的绿色时间来限制流入的操作，因此这些链路上的车辆可能会受到排队和延误。所经历的延迟或所导致的队列长度取决于所采用的策略，用于在门控链路上分配流量和相应的绿色时间。选择的策略可能会对受控制的流量系统产生重大影响。例如，管理队列长度可以减少对上游流量的干扰，而延迟的管理可以改善用户对公平性和公平性的感知。在本文中，已经提出了一种基于队列长度或在门控信号化结点处经历的延迟来分配门控流的方法。这与标准做法相反，标准做法是按门控链路的饱和流量按比例分配流量。然后在微观仿真器中评估现实交通网络的周边控制，并在三种配置下与固定时间进行比较：无队列或延迟管理的周边控制；具有相对队列平衡的外围控制；以及具有延迟平衡的周边控制。已经发现，管理门控链路上的队列不仅可以提高整体网络性能，而且可以减少队列传播到上游结点的可能性。通过管理门控链路上的队列传播并减少队列溢出到上游路口的可能性，可以改善受保护网络外部的流量。另外，结果表明，具有延迟平衡的周边控制与没有队列或延迟管理的情况具有相似的性能，而队列或延迟管理是在门控链路之间进行流量分配的合适方法。在具有队列控制或延迟平衡的周边控制方案中，控制器的有序流与通过门控链路的停止线的实际流之间的间隙显着减小。结果表明，具有延迟平衡的周边控制与没有队列或延迟管理的情况具有类似的性能，这是在门控链路之间进行流量分配的合适方法。在具有队列控制或延迟平衡的周边控制方案中，控制器的有序流与通过门控链路的停止线的实际流之间的间隙显着减小。结果表明，具有延迟平衡的周边控制与没有队列或延迟管理的情况具有类似的性能，这是在门控链路之间进行流量分配的合适方法。在具有队列控制或延迟平衡的周边控制方案中，控制器的有序流与通过门控链路的停止线的实际流之间的间隙显着减小。