Abstract

The dynamics of objects of various physical origins in barrier structures of superconductors, magnetic materials, quantum crystals and other solids is determined by the rate of fluctuation decay of metastable states in intermediate minima of a potential barrier. In a low-temperature region important for many nanotechnological applications, thermal fluctuations are frozen and are replaced by quantum fluctuations, which lead to a specific phase transition in the dynamics. The character of this transition in various systems is an analog of second-order or first-order transitions. The transition temperature is dependent on the degree of metastability and can be controlled by external load. This dependence is calculated for an extended nanosystem in an oblique periodic relief like a “washboard” in a wide range of varying the load, and the results generalize the results known before.

中文翻译：

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周期性势能释放中扩展系统的激活-隧道动力学

摘要

超导体，磁性材料，量子晶体和其他固体的势垒结构中各种物理起源的对象的动力学取决于势垒中间极小值中亚稳态的波动衰减率。在对于许多纳米技术应用很重要的低温区域中，热波动被冻结并被量子波动所替代，这导致动力学中发生特定的相变。在各种系统中，此过渡的特征是二阶或一阶过渡的模拟。转变温度取决于亚稳的程度，并且可以通过外部负载进行控制。对于倾斜的周期性起伏中的扩展纳米系统（如“搓板”），在较大的负载变化范围内计算这种依赖性，