AbstractIn this paper, we estimate the impact on female labor force participation of a massive conditional cash transfer program—Universal Child Allowance, AUH—launched in Argentina in 2009. We identify the intention-to-treat effect by comparing eligible and non-eligible women over time through a diff-in-diff methodology. The results suggest a negative and economically significant effect of the program on female labor force participation. The disincentive to participate is present for married women, while the effect is not statistically significant for unmarried women with children. We also find evidence on the heterogeneity of the effect depending on woman’s education, husband’s employment status, number and age of children, and whether the woman is the main responsible of domestic chores. The relatively large value of the benefit and the fact that transfers are mostly directed to mothers may explain the sizeable effect of the program on female labor supply. The welfare implications of the results are not clear and deserve further inspection. JEL Classification: H53, I38, J16, J22

中文翻译：

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现金转移和女性劳动力参与：阿根廷的AUH案例

摘要在本文中，我们估算了2009年在阿根廷启动的大规模有条件现金转移计划（通用儿童津贴，AUH）对女性劳动力参与的影响。我们通过比较合格和不合格的妇女来确定意向性治疗效果随着时间的推移通过差异比较方法 结果表明，该计划对女性劳动力参与产生了负面影响，并且在经济上具有重大影响。对于已婚妇女来说，参与的抑制作用是存在的，而对于有子女的未婚妇女，这种影响在统计学上并不显着。我们还发现证据表明，这种影响的异质性取决于妇女的教育程度，丈夫的就业状况，子女的数量和年龄以及妇女是否是家务的主要责任。福利的相对较大的价值以及转移主要是针对母亲的事实，可以解释该计划对女性劳动力供应的巨大影响。结果的福利含义尚不清楚，应进一步检查。JEL分类：H53，I38，J16，J22