The process of vernacularization involves more than literary language, but also invokes social ethics and an investment in the idioms of everyday life. Vernacularization can reach beyond texts to enact its force upon biographies as well, altering the ethics and quotidian memory of sacred figures. The paper examines how texts and biographical memory identified with the medieval Marathi “saint” (sant) Jñāndev (about thirteenth century) underwent a process of vernacularization that altered the social ethics of texts associated with Jñāndev and with the public memory of the saint himself. In particular, issues of caste and gender as subjects of the process of vernacularization are discussed, and especially in the context of producing bhakti publics—social spheres of devotion—that merge with the Vārkarī religious tradition in Maharashtra.

中文翻译：

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白话化Jñāndev：圣徒传记和白话化过程

白话化的过程不仅涉及文学语言，还涉及社会伦理和对日常生活习语的投资。白话化可以超越文本，在传记中发挥作用，改变神圣人物的伦理和日常记忆。该论文考察了与中世纪马拉地语“圣人”（sant）Jñāndev（大约十三世纪）相一致的文本和传记记忆如何经历了一个白话化过程，该过程改变了与 Jñāndev 相关的文本的社会伦理以及圣人本人的公共记忆。特别讨论了作为白话化过程主体的种姓和性别问题，特别是在产生与马哈拉施特拉邦的 Vārkarī 宗教传统融合的奉爱公众（奉献的社会领域）的背景下。