This article examines Galileo's confrontations with the Holy Office of the Roman Inquisition in light of the rules and technicalities of inquisitorial procedure as set forth in theCorpus juris canonici, officially issued in 1582 under the auspices of Pope Gregory XIII. The primary decretal governing inquisition comes from the Fourth Lateran Council of 1215, which also established the regulations of sacramental confession and the seal of secrecy. Inquisition was intended for the prosecution of public crimes, but when it was adapted to pursuing heresy, the rights of suspects were regularly disregarded, and, rather than being charged with public crimes, they were forced to incriminate themselves, even on secret deeds and previously unuttered beliefs. When first summoned in 1616, Galileo was not questioned, but merely warned not to espouse heliocentrism. In 1632, Holy Office investigations resulted in a summons, and when he appeared in April 1633, he was interrogated without being charged. His formal trial took place on May 10, and his guilty plea of favoring heliocentrism without heretical intention triggered an automatic examination of his private beliefs under torture (in his case, threat of torture), a new procedure adopted by the Holy Office around the turn of the seventeenth century.

中文翻译：

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伽利略的非审判 (1616)、预审 (1632–1633) 和审判 (1633 年 5 月 10 日)：程序审查，以违反良心论坛为特色

本文根据《罗马宗教法庭》中规定的审讯程序的规则和技术，考察了伽利略与罗马宗教裁判所的对抗。规范法典，在教皇格列高利十三世的主持下于 1582 年正式发行。管辖宗教裁判所的主要法令来自 1215 年第四次拉特兰委员会，该委员会还制定了圣礼忏悔和保密印章的规定。宗教裁判所的目的是为了起诉公罪，但当它被改编为追求异端邪说时，嫌疑人的权利经常被忽视，而不是被指控犯有公罪，他们被迫自证其罪，即使是在秘密行为和以前未说出口的信念。1616 年第一次被传唤时，伽利略没有受到质疑，只是警告不要支持日心说。1632 年，神圣办公室的调查产生了传票，当他于 1633 年 4 月出现时，他在没有受到指控的情况下受到审讯。他的正式审判于 5 月 10 日举行，