The present paper investigates the ongoing validity of the notion of subordination as selection criteria to allocate the labour protections in the contemporary economic framework. The gig economy is deeply affecting the way of working, transforming the employee in a service provider. This phenomenon is partially due to the progressive shift from a firm-based production model towards a market transaction based one. Although its lawfulness is still unclear, it highlights that the way of working is changing in a way that struggles to fit into the classic legal categories. This is mainly due to the fact that the labour protections are usually bestowed moving from a notion of subordination highly focused on the organisational element. Thus, economic actors suffering from the same economic weakness of the employees, but organisationally independent, struggle to obtain the necessary protections. Moving from those remarks the author suggests rethinking the allocation criteria of the labour protections, adopting economic weakness as the main criterion. This category should encompass all the individuals performing a working activity that are not able to significantly influence its financial outcome. The aim of such reform should be to extend the labour protections to all the subjects needing them. The final part of the paper investigates the possible solutions under the current legal framework. The major finding is that under certain circumstances the gig workers can be qualified as temporary employees not of the platform, but of the contractor. In this scenario, the digital platforms should be deemed as job-placement service providers and, thus, they should comply with the relevant provisions. These include the eventual need of administrative authorisations and the free-of-charge principle, whose violations represent, in several jurisdictions, a criminal offence

中文翻译：

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重新思考劳动法权利和保护的分配标准：基于风险的方法

本文研究了从属概念作为在当代经济框架中分配劳动保护的选择标准的持续有效性。零工经济正在深刻影响工作方式，改变了服务提供商中的员工。这种现象部分归因于从基于公司的生产模型向基于市场交易的模型的逐步转变。尽管其合法性尚不清楚，但它突显了工作方式正在以难以适应经典法律类别的方式发生变化。这主要是由于以下事实：劳动保护通常是从高度关注组织要素的从属概念转变而来的。因此，经济参与者遭受着与员工相同的经济弱点，但在组织上是独立的，努力获得必要的保护。在此基础上，作者建议以经济弱势为主要标准，重新思考劳动保护的分配标准。此类别应包括所有不能显着影响其财务成果的从事工作活动的个人。这种改革的目的应该是将劳动保护扩展到所有需要保护的对象。本文的最后一部分探讨了在当前法律框架下可能的解决方案。主要发现是，在某些情况下，演出工作人员可以胜任平台的临时工，而不是承包商的临时工。在这种情况下，应将数字平台视为工作安置服务提供商，因此，它们应遵守相关规定。