Focus groups with teenagers (ages 15–18) were conducted to understand how they define news; what motivates them to consume news; what news sources they use; and how much knowledge about the news media industry, content, and effects they bring to the task of consuming and thinking critically about the news. Findings suggested exposure to news came largely incidentally via social media and/or parents; participants expressed the sense that news would find them. These teens saw news as depressing, conflict-ridden, and something that, although important, was of less value to them than to adults. Considered in light of a media literacy model adapted for news, these focus group participants exhibited a basic sense of news literacy but lacked the kind of knowledge about news industries, content, and effects that could better direct their own exposure, understanding, and subsequent civic engagement.

中文翻译：

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新闻素养的要素

对青少年（15-18 岁）进行焦点小组以了解他们如何定义新闻；是什么促使他们消费新闻；他们使用什么新闻来源；以及他们为消费和批判性思考新闻的任务带来了多少关于新闻媒体行业、内容和影响的知识。调查结果表明，接触新闻主要是通过社交媒体和/或父母偶然获得的；参与者表达了新闻会找到他们的感觉。这些青少年将新闻视为令人沮丧、充满冲突的东西，虽然很重要，但对他们来说价值不如成年人。考虑到适用于新闻的媒体素养模型，这些焦点小组参与者表现出基本的新闻素养，但缺乏对新闻行业、内容和效果的了解，可以更好地指导自己的曝光，