In the past decades we witnessed a rise of public participation in transport and land-use projects, and often those practices have been formalised in a solid juridical framework. In the Netherlands and other EU-countries, the cornerstones of this participatory planning framework are the Environmental Impact Study and the Environment Impact Assessment. However, historical appraisals of the impact of these instruments on participatory processes are lacking. Using the case study of the contested Dutch motorway project passing through the Amelisweerd forest (1970s), this paper aims to appraise the role of deliberative democracy concepts and practices. This paper is a plea for a novel academic agenda driven by the research questions: to what extent have participatory processes in transport, land-use and water management policies had an impact on deliberative democracy concepts and practices? Which role did citizens and users have in shaping the decision-making process?

中文翻译：

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（交通）历史作为民主治理的政策实验室

在过去的几十年里，我们目睹了公众参与交通和土地利用项目的兴起，而且这些做法通常已在坚实的法律框架中正式化。在荷兰和其他欧盟国家，这种参与式规划框架的基石是环境影响研究和环境影响评估。然而，缺乏对这些工具对参与过程的影响的历史评估。本文通过对穿越 Amelisweerd 森林（1970 年代）的有争议的荷兰高速公路项目的案例研究，旨在评估协商民主概念和实践的作用。这篇论文是对由研究问题驱动的新学术议程的一种呼吁：交通中的参与过程在多大程度上，土地使用和水资源管理政策对协商民主的概念和实践有影响吗？公民和用户在塑造决策过程中扮演什么角色？