Karl-Otto Apel occupies a pre-eminent place among the German philosophers of the first post-war generation. His groundbreaking achievement, which has been unjustly overshadowed by the tenacious debate over the ‘ultimate justification’ of ethics, consisted in disclosing a new dimension in the philosophy of language and thereby completing the ‘linguistic turn’. He made the transition from formal semantics, which concentrates on the structure of propositions, to ‘transcendental’ pragmatics of language, which focuses on the formal aspects of the use and interpretation of linguistic expressions. In pursuing this path, he also laid the foundations for discourse ethics. The essay traces the stages of this ‘transformation of transcendental philosophy’ leading from the late Heidegger to Apel’s conception of ‘transcendental hermeneutics’ inspired by Peirce. Continuing the lifelong discourse with my friend Karl-Otto, I will conclude by addressing some problems raised by his justification of discourse ethics.

中文翻译：

---

从形式语义到先验语用学：Karl-Otto Apel 的独到见解

卡尔-奥托·阿佩尔在战后第一代德国哲学家中占有突出地位。他的开创性成就被关于伦理学“最终理由”的顽强辩论不公正地蒙上了阴影，它揭示了语言哲学的一个新维度，从而完成了“语言学转向”。他从专注于命题结构的形式语义学过渡到语言的“先验”语用学，专注于语言表达的使用和解释的形式方面。在走这条道路的过程中，他也为话语伦理奠定了基础。这篇文章追溯了这种从晚期海德格尔到阿佩尔受皮尔斯启发的“先验解释学”概念的“先验哲学的转变”的各个阶段。