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Trade, Industrial Dissimilarity, FDI and Business Cycle Co-movements: EC3SLS Evidence from Eurozone Economies
Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research Pub Date : 2019-08-01 , DOI: 10.1177/0973801019841262
Mohd Hussain Kunroo

This article uses simultaneous equations error component three-stage least squares (EC3SLS) panel data technique to find the direct and indirect impacts of trade, industrial dissimilarity and FDI on the business cycle synchronisation of Eurozone economies. The period of analysis is 1990–2009. These are the major findings: (a) trade, industrial dissimilarity and FDI have both direct and indirect effects on the business cycle synchronisation of sample economies; (b) EC3SLS estimates show that closer trade ties among these Eurozone countries have led to more synchronised business cycle co-movements, because common disturbances are more prevalent and intra-industry trade dominates; (c) the bilateral FDI flows have served as a source of destabilisation rather than a source of synchronisation; (d) industry-specific shocks have almost lost their importance both in terms of generating more trade and in terms of raising the output correlation of sample countries; (e) trade intensity and FDI flows are positively and significantly correlated, thereby suggesting that more FDI encourages more trade and vice-versa; (f) trade shows a negative relationship with industrial dissimilarity, which implies that bilateral trade in these countries promotes similar industrial structures; and finally, (g) these economies characterise intra-industry trade patterns, as expected in the case of these highly integrated Eurozone economies. Although the results show the presence of intra-industry trade types, these economies have diversified their production processes at the higher income levels. JEL: E32, F02, F10, F11, F15, C33

中文翻译:

贸易,工业差异,外国直接投资和商业周期共同变动:来自欧元区经济体的EC3SLS证据

本文使用联立方程误差分量三阶段最小二乘(EC3SLS)面板数据技术来发现贸易,行业差异和FDI对欧元区经济体商业周期同步的直接和间接影响。分析的时期是1990–2009。这些是主要发现:(a)贸易,产业差异和外国直接投资对样本经济体的经济周期同步既有直接影响,也有间接影响;(b)EC3SLS的估计表明,这些欧元区国家之间更紧密的贸易联系导致了更同步的商业周期共同运动,因为共同的干扰更为普遍,并且行业内贸易占主导地位;(c)双边外国直接投资流量是动荡的来源,而不是同步的来源;(d)从产生更多贸易和提高样本国家的产出相关性两方面,针对特定行业的冲击几乎已失去其重要性;(e)贸易强度和外国直接投资流量呈正相关和显着正相关,因此表明更多的外国直接投资鼓励更多的贸易,反之亦然;(f)贸易与产业差异显示出负相关关系,这意味着这些国家的双边贸易促进了相似的产业结构;最后,(g)这些经济体具有行业内贸易模式的特征,正如这些高度一体化的欧元区经济体所预期的那样。尽管结果表明存在行业内贸易类型,但这些经济体在较高的收入水平上实现了多样化的生产过程。JEL:E32,F02,F10,F11,F15,C33 (e)贸易强度和外国直接投资流量呈正相关和显着正相关,因此表明更多的外国直接投资鼓励更多的贸易,反之亦然;(f)贸易与产业差异显示出负相关关系,这意味着这些国家的双边贸易促进了相似的产业结构;最后,(g)这些经济体具有行业内贸易模式的特征,正如这些高度一体化的欧元区经济体所预期的那样。尽管结果表明存在行业内贸易类型,但这些经济体在较高的收入水平上实现了多样化的生产过程。JEL:E32,F02,F10,F11,F15,C33 (e)贸易强度和外国直接投资流量呈正相关和显着正相关,因此表明更多的外国直接投资鼓励更多的贸易,反之亦然;(f)贸易与产业差异显示出负相关关系,这意味着这些国家的双边贸易促进了相似的产业结构;最后,(g)这些经济体具有行业内贸易模式的特征,正如这些高度一体化的欧元区经济体所预期的那样。尽管结果表明存在行业内贸易类型,但这些经济体在较高的收入水平上实现了多样化的生产过程。JEL:E32,F02,F10,F11,F15,C33 这意味着这些国家的双边贸易促进了类似的产业结构;最后,(g)这些经济体具有行业内贸易模式的特征,正如这些高度一体化的欧元区经济体所预期的那样。尽管结果表明存在行业内贸易类型,但这些经济体在较高的收入水平上实现了多样化的生产过程。JEL:E32,F02,F10,F11,F15,C33 这意味着这些国家的双边贸易促进了类似的产业结构;最后,(g)这些经济体具有行业内贸易模式的特征,正如这些高度一体化的欧元区经济体所预期的那样。尽管结果表明存在行业内贸易类型,但这些经济体在较高的收入水平上实现了多样化的生产过程。JEL:E32,F02,F10,F11,F15,C33
更新日期:2019-08-01
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