Anger management styles (i.e., anger-in and anger-out) characterize a person's typical response to anger. Anger-in, the suppression of anger, and anger-out, the outward expression of anger, have been associated with increased acute and chronic pain. Previous research suggests that anger-in is related to pain because of its shared variance with negative affect; anger-out is believed to be related to pain because of a disruption of endogenous opioid systems. It is currently unknown whether anger management styles promote pain by facilitating central sensitization or spinal nociception. This study assessed the relationship between anger management styles and markers of central sensitization (i.e., temporal summation of pain [TS-pain] and nociception flexion reflex [TS-NFR]), spinal nociception (nociception flexion reflex [NFR] threshold), and measures of pain experience. One hundred nine healthy pain-free individuals completed the study. A bootstrapped mediation analysis was conducted to test whether negative affect mediated relationships with anger-in. Results suggested that anger-in and anger-out were associated with lower NFR thresholds (facilitated spinal nociception), but no other outcome. Negative affect did not mediate either of these relationships. These results suggest that anger management styles may amplify spinal nociceptive processes in healthy humans without altering central sensitization.

中文翻译：

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愤怒管理方式与脊髓伤害感受的下行调制有关吗？

愤怒管理风格（即愤怒和愤怒）表征了一个人对愤怒的典型反应。愤怒（愤怒的压抑）和愤怒（愤怒的外在表达）与急性和慢性疼痛的增加有关。先前的研究表明，愤怒与疼痛有关，因为它与负面情绪有共同的差异；由于内源性阿片类药物系统的破坏，愤怒被认为与疼痛有关。目前尚不清楚愤怒管理方式是否通过促进中枢敏化或脊髓伤害感受来促进疼痛。本研究评估了愤怒管理方式与中枢敏化标志物（即疼痛的时间总和 [TS-pain] 和伤害感受屈曲反射 [TS-NFR]）、脊髓伤害感受（伤害感受屈曲反射 [NFR] 阈值）之间的关系，和疼痛体验的测量。一百九名健康的无痛人完成了这项研究。进行了自举中介分析以测试负面情绪是否介导了与愤怒的关系。结果表明，愤怒和愤怒与较低的 NFR 阈值（促进脊髓伤害感受）有关，但没有其他结果。消极情绪没有调解这些关系中的任何一个。这些结果表明，愤怒管理方式可能会在不改变中枢敏感性的情况下放大健康人的脊髓伤害感受过程。结果表明，愤怒和愤怒与较低的 NFR 阈值（促进脊髓伤害感受）有关，但没有其他结果。消极情绪没有调解这些关系中的任何一个。这些结果表明，愤怒管理方式可能会在不改变中枢敏感性的情况下放大健康人的脊髓伤害感受过程。结果表明，愤怒和愤怒与较低的 NFR 阈值（促进脊髓伤害感受）有关，但没有其他结果。消极情绪没有调解这些关系中的任何一个。这些结果表明，愤怒管理方式可能会在不改变中枢敏感性的情况下放大健康人的脊髓伤害感受过程。