Messages designed to improve healthy eating habits are all around us, often aiming to change our attitudes and perceptions toward specific eating behaviors so that we will adopt better habits. This study provides a test of the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) to better understand the impact of influence messages on healthy eating. This longitudinal cohort study examined the TRA within two systems of change: (1) when attitudes and (2) subjective norms were influenced by messages to increase fruit/vegetable consumption and prevent meal skipping. Participants were assigned randomly to one of three messages: (1) no-message control group, (2) attitude message, and (3) subjective norm message. For fruit/vegetable consumption, when attitude or subjective norm changed, TRA's predictions were not consistent with the data. With no change present, TRA's predictions were consistent with control group data. These results were not replicated with skipping meals. The only model to predict accurately participants' skipped meals was a simple causal string (attitudes impacted intentions which predicted behavior). Persuasive messages can influence healthy eating behavior, but the mechanism is not consistent with TRA predictions. Also, using messages to influence healthy eating subjective norms proved difficult.

中文翻译：

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有说服力的信息对健康饮食习惯的影响：当态度和主观规范以改变为目标时对理性行为理论的测试

旨在改善健康饮食习惯的信息无处不在，通常旨在改变我们对特定饮食行为的态度和看法，以便我们养成更好的习惯。本研究提供了理性行动理论 (TRA) 的测试，以更好地了解影响信息对健康饮食的影响。这项纵向队列研究在两个变化系统中检查了 TRA：（1）当态度和（2）主观规范受到信息的影响时，增加水果/蔬菜消费并防止跳餐。参与者被随机分配到三个消息之一：（1）无消息控制组，（2）态度消息，和（3）主观规范消息。对于水果/蔬菜消费，当态度或主观规范发生变化时，TRA 的预测与数据不一致。在没有变化的情况下，TRA' s 的预测与对照组数据一致。这些结果没有在不吃饭的情况下重复。准确预测参与者不吃饭的唯一模型是一个简单的因果串（态度影响预测行为的意图）。有说服力的信息可以影响健康的饮食行为，但其机制与 TRA 预测不一致。此外，事实证明，使用信息来影响健康饮食主观规范很困难。