Shifting metropolitan poverty dynamics over the past decade have resulted in a more sprawling material hardship, with the suburban poor now outnumbering central-city counterparts. The rise of suburban poverty is well documented, but the implications for welfare policy administration and client program outcomes remain understudied. This article offers a theoretical treatment of the spatial dimensions of sanction for noncompliance with program rules under the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program. For a variety of reasons associated with unique spatial barriers, ideological resistance, and underdeveloped social service networks, the theoretical framework predicts that suburban welfare clients, especially minority clients, are more likely to experience punitive sanction outcomes than central-city counterparts.

中文翻译：

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美国郊区贫困和家长作风的理论化：福利制裁案例

在过去十年中，大都市贫困动态的转变导致了更加庞大的物质困难，现在郊区贫困人口的数量超过了中心城市的贫困人口。郊区贫困的增加有据可查，但对福利政策管理和客户计划结果的影响仍未得到充分研究。本文提供了对贫困家庭临时援助 (TANF) 计划下不遵守计划规则的制裁空间维度的理论处理。由于与独特的空间障碍、意识形态阻力和不发达的社会服务网络相关的各种原因，该理论框架预测郊区福利客户，尤其是少数民族客户，比中心城市的同行更有可能经历惩罚性制裁结果。