Binge eating is a distressing symptom common to bulimia nervosa (BN), anorexia nervosa binge/purge subtype (AN-BP) and binge-eating disorder (BED). Over the last 40 years, many attempts have been made to conceptualise this symptom in terms of its antecedents, function, triggers, consequences, and maintaining factors. Cognitive theories of binge eating have evolved as new evidence has emerged. This literature review summarises the main and most influential cognitive models of binge eating across different eating disorder presentations. Many theories have examined binge eating in the context of restriction or compensatory behaviours, as is often observed in cases of BN. Few theories have examined binge eating as it occurs in BED specifically. The long-term efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) treatment based on these models leaves much to be desired, and indicates that there may be maintaining factors of binge eating not addressed in the typical CBT treatment for eating disorders. More recent cognitive models of binge eating propose possible maintaining beliefs, but further study is required to validate these models. Suggestions for future research are presented.

中文翻译：

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概念化暴饮暴食：理论和实证文献综述

暴食是神经性贪食症 (BN)、神经性厌食症暴食/清除亚型 (AN-BP) 和暴食症 (BED) 常见的令人痛苦的症状。在过去的 40 年中，已经进行了许多尝试来根据其前因、功能、触发因素、后果和维持因素来概念化这种症状。随着新证据的出现，暴食的认知理论也在不断发展。这篇文献综述总结了不同饮食失调表现中暴食的主要和最有影响力的认知模型。许多理论已经在限制或补偿行为的背景下检查了暴饮暴食，这在 BN 的情况下经常观察到。很少有理论研究过暴饮暴食，因为它特别发生在 BED 中。基于这些模型的认知行为疗法 (CBT) 治疗的长期疗效还有很多不足之处，并表明可能存在维持暴食的因素，而典型的 CBT 治疗饮食失调症没有解决这些因素。最近的暴食认知模型提出了可能的维持信念，但需要进一步研究来验证这些模型。提出了对未来研究的建议。