The current state of laboratory studies modelling the photoinduced chemical reactions in the solid phase of the interstellar medium is considered. It is shown that multistage processes including physical adsorption of atoms and molecules from the gas phase of the interstellar medium, their drift over the cosmic dust surface, heterogeneous catalysis, photolysis, radiolysis and desorption of the final products and also the photochemical evolution of the dust grains themselves should be adequately included into the astrochemical models of the interstellar medium. The lack of data on the fundamental thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of photoreactions, needed for quantitative description of the physicochemical transformations in the solid phase of the interstellar medium, is noted.

The bibliography includes 206 references.

考虑了模拟星际介质固相中的光致化学反应的实验室研究的现状。研究表明，包括星际介质气相中原子和分子的物理吸附、它们在宇宙尘埃表面的漂移、非均相催化、最终产物的光解、辐射分解和解吸以及尘埃的光化学演化等多阶段过程。颗粒本身应充分纳入星际介质的天体化学模型。注意到缺乏关于光反应的基本热力学和动力学参数的数据，这是定量描述星际介质固相中的物理化学转化所需的数据。

参考书目包括 206 篇参考文献。