The energy hole is a severe problem for underwater acoustic distributed networks in that it affects the normal operations of the network and shortens the network’s life span. To deal with this problem, a loop-free routing control technique is proposed in this paper. The classical shortest-path routing control method is used to generate multiple disjointed routing tables. The residual energy of the nodes and the changing information of the uplink/downlink matrix are added to the data frames for distribution. The source node specifies the routing path to transmit the data frames based on the changing information, and the relay nodes route the data frames strictly according to the routing path designated by the source node. Besides, the energy consumption of the relay node is saved by replying to the pseudo-ACK frame. Simulation experiments are implemented in four typical scenarios, and the results reflect that the proposed technique could extend the network’s life span by approximately 10% when compared to other mature techniques. Besides, it has no other negative effects on the normal operations of the network.

中文翻译：

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水下声分布式网络中能量孔的新型路由控制技术

对于水下声分布式网络，能量孔是一个严重的问题，因为它影响网络的正常运行并缩短网络的寿命。针对这一问题，本文提出了一种无环路由控制技术。经典的最短路径路由控制方法用于生成多个不相交的路由表。节点的剩余能量和上行链路/下行链路矩阵的变化信息被添加到数据帧以进行分配。源节点根据变化的信息指定要发送数据帧的路由路径，中继节点严格按照源节点指定的路由路径来路由数据帧。此外，通过回复伪ACK帧来节省中继节点的能量消耗。仿真实验在四种典型情况下进行，结果表明，与其他成熟技术相比，该技术可以将网络的寿命延长大约10％。此外，它对网络的正常运行没有其他负面影响。