ABSTRACT

Dutch exploitation of the upper Hudson River Valley initiated with Henry Hudson’s voyage in 1609 a.d. This began a period of resource exploitation by the Dutch that lasted until 1664 when the English took what had become known as New Netherland from the Dutch. The Dutch formed trade relations with Native Americans in the upper Hudson Valley and beyond that focused primarily on beaver and other animal pelts. No Dutch archaeological sites dating to before 1624 with the construction of Fort Orange at present-day Albany, New York, have been documented. However, archaeological evidence from strata pre-dating the Fort’s construction and Bayesian analysis of a series of radiocarbon dates from these strata establish a probable location of Dutch activities. These results suggest that the Fort was sited at a place of established Dutch-Native American interactions, a location utilized by Native Americans for centuries prior to the arrival of the Dutch.

摘要

上哈德逊河谷的荷兰开发与亨利·哈德逊的航程在1609年发起的广告。这开始了荷兰人的资源开发时期，一直持续到1664年，当时英国人从荷兰人手中夺走了被称为“新荷兰”的东西。荷兰人与哈德逊河谷上游的美洲原住民建立了贸易关系，除此之外，贸易关系主要集中在海狸和其他动物毛皮上。没有文献记载可追溯到1624年之前的纽约州奥尔巴尼因橙色堡垒的建造而建的荷兰考古遗址。但是，来自堡垒建造之前的地层的考古学证据以及这些地层中一系列放射性碳年代的贝叶斯分析确定了荷兰活动的可能位置。这些结果表明，该堡垒位于荷兰人与美国本地人建立了牢固的互动关系的地方，在荷兰人到达之前的几个世纪中，印第安人一直在使用该地点。