The present research examined recognition of basic (happy, fear, sad) and self-conscious (pride, embarrassment, guilt) emotions from situational contexts in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and neurotypical children (Study 1). Results showed that children with ASD were less accurate in recognizing fear, embarrassment, and guilt situations than neurotypical children. Additionally, the research explored whether recognition of these emotions from situational contexts could be improved in children with ASD after a 4-week computerized emotion intervention (Study 2). Following the intervention, children showed better recognition of embarrassment and guilt, but no improvement in recognizing fear. In children with ASD, significant negative relations were found between ASD symptomatology and recognition of guilt (Study 1), although ASD symptomatology did not impact the intervention’s efficacy (Study 2). Additional explanations for these findings are provided.

本研究检查了自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和神经型儿童（研究 1）从情境背景中对基本（快乐、恐惧、悲伤）和自我意识（骄傲、尴尬、内疚）情绪的识别。结果表明，自闭症儿童在识别恐惧、尴尬和内疚方面的准确性低于神经型儿童。此外，该研究探讨了在 4 周的计算机化情绪干预后，自闭症儿童从情境背景中识别这些情绪是否可以得到改善（研究 2）。干预后，儿童对尴尬和内疚表现出更好的识别，但在识别恐惧方面没有改善。在患有 ASD 的儿童中，发现 ASD 症状与内疚感之间存在显着的负相关关系（研究 1），尽管 ASD 症状学不影响干预的效果（研究 2）。提供了对这些发现的其他解释。