Stretchable electronics find widespread uses in a variety of applications such as wearable electronics, on-skin electronics, soft robotics and bioelectronics. Stretchable electronic devices conventionally built with elastomeric thin films show a lack of permeability, which not only impedes wearing comfort and creates skin inflammation over long-term wearing but also limits the design form factors of device integration in the vertical direction. Here, we report a stretchable conductor that is fabricated by simply coating or printing liquid metal onto an electrospun elastomeric fibre mat. We call this stretchable conductor a liquid-metal fibre mat. Liquid metal hanging among the elastomeric fibres self-organizes into a laterally mesh-like and vertically buckled structure, which offers simultaneously high permeability, stretchability, conductivity and electrical stability. Furthermore, the liquid-metal fibre mat shows good biocompatibility and smart adaptiveness to omnidirectional stretching over 1,800% strain. We demonstrate the use of a liquid-metal fibre mat as a building block to realize highly permeable, multifunctional monolithic stretchable electronics.

可拉伸电子产品广泛用于各种应用，例如可穿戴电子产品、皮肤电子产品、软机器人和生物电子产品。传统上采用弹性体薄膜制造的可拉伸电子设备缺乏渗透性，这不仅会阻碍佩戴舒适度并在长期佩戴时造成皮肤炎症，而且还会限制设备在垂直方向上集成的设计形式因素。在这里，我们报告了一种可拉伸导体，该导体通过简单地将液态金属涂覆或印刷到电纺弹性纤维垫上来制造。我们称这种可拉伸导体为液态金属纤维垫。悬挂在弹性纤维之间的液态金属自组织成横向网状和垂直弯曲的结构，同时提供高渗透性、拉伸性、导电性和电稳定性。此外，液态金属纤维垫显示出良好的生物相容性和对超过 1,800% 应变的全向拉伸的智能适应性。我们展示了使用液态金属纤维垫作为构建块来实现高渗透性、多功能单片可拉伸电子产品。