Law enforcement officers’ health and wellness is important at the individual and community levels in terms of maintaining a fit workforce to uphold the mission of public safety. The current study was designed to assess officer wellness across the U.S. From a nationally representative random sample of 1,135 local and state agencies, a random, probability-based sample of officers was selected, oversampling for female officers. Latent class analyses were conducted to assess wellness profiles based on a set of eleven physical, psychological, and behavioral health indicators for 2,232 officers. Personal and professional characteristics were included as auxiliary variables in models of the resulting classes. Results from this sample indicated that over two-thirds of officers fit a healthy profile, whereas one in four officers presents with moderate health concerns and nearly 6% are classified in a profile of broad health concerns. In this sample, sexual assault in childhood, greater exposure to critical incidents, working a current rotation schedule, and being female were characteristics associated with broad health concerns. Emotional and/or physical assault in childhood, greater exposure to critical incidents, and being female were characteristics associated with moderate health concerns, whereas older age and being Hispanic were protective factors. In sum, full-time sworn law enforcement officers across the U.S. are reasonably healthy but their exposures to stressful situations put them at increased risk particularly in terms of post-traumatic stress, risky drinking, and suicidality. These results are important for agency administrators and policymakers to consider in terms of wellness programs, prevention efforts and budget allocations.

执法人员的健康状况在个人和社区层面都很重要，可以维持一支合适的员工队伍来维护公共安全使命。当前的研究旨在评估全美军官的健康状况。从1135个地方和州机构的全国代表性随机样本中，选择了一个基于概率的随机样本，对女军官进行了超采样。根据针对2232名警官的一组11项身体，心理和行为健康指标，进行了潜在类别分析以评估健康状况。个人和职业特征作为辅助变量包括在所得类的模型中。该样本的结果表明，超过三分之二的人员符合健康要求，而四分之一的警官表示对健康的关注程度中等，将近6％的警官归类为广泛的健康关注点。在这个样本中，童年时期的性侵犯，更多的重大事件风险，按目前的轮换时间表工作以及女性化是与广泛的健康问题相关的特征。儿童时期的情感和/或身体攻击，更多的重大事件暴露以及女性是与中等健康问题相关的特征，而老年人和西班牙裔则是保护因素。总而言之，全美宣誓就职的执法人员都相当健康，但是他们面对压力大的处境却使他们面临更大的风险，特别是在创伤后压力，危险饮酒和自杀倾向方面。