Lodging affects grain quality and grain yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and is difficult to breed for because its sporadic incidence and laborious protocols to measure lodging traits. Thus, developing molecular markers for these traits can increase selection efficiency in breeding programs. The aim of this article is to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with stem/anchorage strength and leverage traits (lodging traits) in a doubled-haploid population of UK bread wheat Avalon × Cadenza. Field experiments were conducted in the UK during 2012–2013 near High Mowthorpe and during 2013–2014 at Sutton Bonington. Phenotypic and genetic analysis indicated significant genetic variation for all traits. Stem strength (diameter, wall width, and material strength) and leverage (plant height) traits were highly heritable (0.64–0.95), whereas anchorage strength traits (root plate spread and structural rooting depth) and ear number per plant (leverage trait) were less heritable (0.21–0.33). This study identified 18 QTL for lodging traits and grain yield in chromosomes 1D, 2B, 2D, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4D, 5B, and 6B. Two QTL for stem strength on chromosome 1D and 3B explaining 49.6% of the total phenotypic variation (PVE) are estimated to reduce stem lodging risk and shortening the plant height by 12 cm. One QTL for root plate spread on chromosome 5B explaining 22.4% of the PVE could increase root lodging resistance.

中文翻译：

---

鉴定小麦双单倍体群体 Avalon × Cadenza 倒伏相关性状的数量性状基因座

倒伏影响小麦（Triticum aestivum ）的籽粒品质和籽粒产量L.) 并且难以繁殖，因为它的发病率零星，而且测量住宿特性的方法繁琐。因此，为这些性状开发分子标记可以提高育种计划的选择效率。本文的目的是在英国面包小麦 Avalon × Cadenza 的双单倍体群体中鉴定与茎/锚定强度和杠杆性状（倒伏性状）相关的数量性状基因座（QTL）。2012-2013 年在英国的 High Mowthorpe 附近和 2013-2014 年在 Sutton Bonington 进行了现场试验。表型和遗传分析表明所有性状都有显着的遗传变异。茎强度（直径、壁宽和材料强度）和杠杆（株高）性状具有高度遗传性（0.64-0.95），而锚定强度性状（根板扩展和结构生根深度）和每株穗数（杠杆性状）的遗传性较差（0.21-0.33）。本研究在染色体 1D、2B、2D、3A、3B、4A、4D、5B 和 6B 中鉴定了 18 个与倒伏性状和谷物产量相关的 QTL。染色体 1D 和 3B 上茎强度的两个 QTL 解释了总表型变异 (PVE) 的 49.6%，估计可降低茎倒伏风险并将株高缩短 12 厘米。一个分布在染色体 5B 上的根板 QTL 解释了 22.4% 的 PVE 可以增加根的抗倒伏性。据估计，总表型变异 (PVE) 的 6% 可降低茎倒伏风险并将植物高度缩短 12 厘米。一个分布在染色体 5B 上的根板 QTL 解释了 22.4% 的 PVE 可以增加根的抗倒伏性。据估计，总表型变异 (PVE) 的 6% 可降低茎倒伏风险并将植物高度缩短 12 厘米。一个分布在染色体 5B 上的根板 QTL 解释了 22.4% 的 PVE 可以增加根的抗倒伏性。