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Central regulatory mechanisms of visceral sensation in response to colonic distension with special reference to brain orexin
Neuropeptides ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-18 , DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2021.102129
Toshikatsu Okumura 1 , Masatomo Ishioh 1 , Tsukasa Nozu 2
Affiliation  

Visceral hypersensitivity is a major pathophysiology in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Although brain-gut interaction is considered to be involved in the regulation of visceral sensation, little had been known how brain controls visceral sensation. To improve therapeutic strategy in IBS, we should develop a novel approach to control visceral hypersensitivity. Here, we summarized recent data on central control of visceral sensation by neuropeptides in rats. Orexin, ghrelin or oxytocin in the brain is capable of inducing visceral antinociception. Dopamine, cannabinoid, adenosine, serotonin or opioid in the central nervous system (CNS) plays a role in the visceral hyposensitivity. Central ghrelin, levodopa or morphine could induce visceral antinociception via the orexinergic signaling. Orexin induces visceral antinociception through dopamine, cannabinoid, adenosine or oxytocin. Orexin nerve fibers are identified widely throughout the CNS and orexins are implicated in a number of functions. With regard to gastrointestinal functions, in addition to its visceral antinociception, orexin acts centrally to stimulate gastrointestinal motility and improve intestinal barrier function. Brain orexin is also involved in regulation of sleep/awake cycle and anti-depressive action. From these evidence, we would like to make a hypothesis that decreased orexin signaling in the brain may play a role in the pathophysiology in a part of patients with IBS who are frequently accompanied with sleep disturbance, depressive state and disturbed gut functions such as gut motility disturbance, leaky gut and visceral hypersensitivity.



中文翻译:

内脏感觉响应结肠扩张的中枢调节机制,特别是脑食欲素

内脏超敏反应是肠易激综合征 (IBS) 的主要病理生理学。尽管脑-肠相互作用被认为与内脏感觉的调节有关,但人们对大脑如何控制内脏感觉知之甚少。为了改进 IBS 的治疗策略,我们应该开发一种控制内脏超敏反应的新方法。在这里,我们总结了大鼠神经肽对内脏感觉中枢控制的最新数据。大脑中的食欲素、生长素释放肽或催产素能够诱导内脏抗伤害感受。中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中的多巴胺、大麻素、腺苷、血清素或阿片类药物在内脏低敏感性中起作用。中枢生长素释放肽、左旋多巴或吗啡可通过食欲素信号传导诱导内脏镇痛作用。食欲素通过多巴胺诱导内脏抗伤害感受,大麻素、腺苷或催产素。食欲素神经纤维在整个 CNS 中被广泛识别,并且食欲素与许多功能有关。在胃肠功能方面,除内脏镇痛作用外,食欲素还具有中枢作用,刺激胃肠蠕动,改善肠道屏障功能。脑食欲素还参与调节睡眠/觉醒周期和抗抑郁作用。从这些证据中,我们想做出一个假设,即大脑中食欲素信号传导的减少可能在部分 IBS 患者的病理生理学中发挥作用,这些患者经常伴有睡眠障碍、抑郁状态和肠道功能紊乱,如肠道运动紊乱、肠漏和内脏超敏反应。食欲素神经纤维在整个 CNS 中被广泛识别,并且食欲素与许多功能有关。在胃肠功能方面,除内脏镇痛作用外,食欲素还具有中枢作用,刺激胃肠蠕动,改善肠道屏障功能。脑食欲素还参与调节睡眠/觉醒周期和抗抑郁作用。从这些证据中,我们想做出一个假设,即大脑中食欲素信号传导的减少可能在部分 IBS 患者的病理生理学中发挥作用,这些患者经常伴有睡眠障碍、抑郁状态和肠道功能紊乱,如肠道运动紊乱、肠漏和内脏超敏反应。食欲素神经纤维在整个 CNS 中被广泛识别,并且食欲素与许多功能有关。在胃肠功能方面,除内脏镇痛作用外,食欲素还具有中枢作用,刺激胃肠蠕动,改善肠道屏障功能。脑食欲素还参与调节睡眠/觉醒周期和抗抑郁作用。从这些证据中,我们想做出一个假设,即大脑中食欲素信号传导的减少可能在部分 IBS 患者的病理生理学中发挥作用,这些患者经常伴有睡眠障碍、抑郁状态和肠道功能紊乱,如肠道运动紊乱、肠漏和内脏超敏反应。除了其内脏镇痛作用外,orexin 还具有中枢作用以刺激胃肠蠕动并改善肠道屏障功能。脑食欲素还参与调节睡眠/觉醒周期和抗抑郁作用。从这些证据中,我们想做出一个假设,即大脑中食欲素信号传导的减少可能在部分 IBS 患者的病理生理学中发挥作用,这些患者经常伴有睡眠障碍、抑郁状态和肠道功能紊乱,如肠道运动紊乱、肠漏和内脏超敏反应。除了其内脏镇痛作用外,orexin 还具有中枢作用以刺激胃肠蠕动并改善肠道屏障功能。脑食欲素还参与调节睡眠/觉醒周期和抗抑郁作用。从这些证据中,我们想做出一个假设,即大脑中食欲素信号传导的减少可能在部分 IBS 患者的病理生理学中发挥作用,这些患者经常伴有睡眠障碍、抑郁状态和肠道功能紊乱,如肠道运动紊乱、肠漏和内脏超敏反应。

更新日期:2021-02-18
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