Paper matrices immobilized with CuO nanoflakes (width 50−100 nm and length upto 200 nm) by an ultrafast (5 min) microwave assisted method have been used as catalyst for the conversion of CO₂ and epoxides into cyclic carbonates with almost 100 % yield in 20 h at a comparatively low CO₂ pressure of 4 bar. Additionally, some amount of polycarbonate is also formed. The moderate TON of 121 and excellent recyclability performance (98 % retention of the catalytic activity) even after seven catalytic cycles along with the non-detectable leaching of the CuO from the paper matrices and ease of separation of the catalyst, made the CuO immobilized paper matrices a superior catalyst. The cellulose matrices not only act as a support to immobilize the CuO nanoparticles but also acts as a co-catalyst due to the presence of ample amount of hydroxyl groups in this biodegradable natural polymer. The synergy of cellulose and CuO in the immobilized paper matrices for the formation of the products can be seen as only 7 or 40 % conversion were estimated when only paper matrices or CuO was used as the catalysts, respectively. Moreover, as substrate the paper matrices has shown great potential as the destruction and re-fabrication for five consecutive cycles could hold more than 95 % of the immobilized CuO in the paper matrices.

通过超快（5分钟）微波辅助方法固定有CuO纳米薄片（宽50-100 nm，长至200 nm）的纸质基质已被用作催化剂，用于将CO ₂和环氧化物转化为环状碳酸酯，其收率接近100％。在相对较低的CO _2下20小时压力为4巴。另外，还形成一定量的聚碳酸酯。即使经过七个催化循环，Cu仍具有121的中等TON和出色的可回收性（催化活性保留率达98％），以及无法检测到的CuO从纸张基质中的浸出，以及催化剂的易于分离，这使CuO固定化了纸张基质是一种优异的催化剂。由于在这种可生物降解的天然聚合物中存在大量的羟基，因此纤维素基体不仅充当固定化CuO纳米颗粒的载体，而且还充当助催化剂。可以看出，当仅将纸质基质或CuO用作催化剂时，固定化纸质基质中纤维素和CuO的协同作用可转化为仅7％或40％的转化率。而且，